86. Which of the following statements for cholesterol are CORRECT? ① Cholesterol is a precursor of lanosterol. ② Cholesterol is a component of cell membrane in human erythrocyte. ③ Cholesterol is a precursor of bile acids. ④ Cholesterol is terpene-based lipid. ⑤ Cholesterol reduces the transition temperature of phospholipids in cell membrane.
(A) ①,②,③
(B) ①,③,⑤
(C) ①,②,④
(D) ②,③,④
(E) ②,④,⑤

82. Mammalian phosphofructokinase, the major flux-controlling enzyme of glycolysis, is regulated by ① allosteric activator, fructose 2, 6-bisphosphate； ② allosteric inhibitor, ATP； ③ allosteric activator, AMP； ④ allosteric inhibitor, ADP； ⑤ allosteric activator, Citrate (A) ①,②,③ (B) ①,③,④ (C) ①,②,⑤ (D) ①,③,⑤ (E) ①,④,⑤

83. Misfolding of protein causes a broad range of disease. Which of the following human diseases linked to misfolding of proteins are CORRECT? ① Alzheimer’s disease, β-Amyloid peptide ； ② Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Prion protein ； ③ Cystic fibrosis, Superoxide dismutase I； ④ Hungtington’s disease, α-Synuclein； ⑤ Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, Transthyretin. (A) ①,②,③ (B) ①,②,④ (C) ②,③,⑤ (D) ③,④,⑤ (E) ①,②,⑤

84. Which of the following statements about the inhibition of enzyme activity is FALSE? (A) Transition state analogs can be used as competitive inhibitor. (B) Irreversible inhibition can be analyzed using Michaelis-Menten equation. (C) Increasing substrate concentration can counteract the effect of competitive inhibitor. (D) An uncompetitive inhibition does not affect the slope of the Lineweaver-Burk plot. (E) The irreversible inhibitor is covalently linked with the catalytic residue at the active site of the enzyme.

85. Which of the following enzymes are involved in the purine salvage pathways? ① GMP synthetase； ② Adenine phosphoribosyl transferase； ③ Purine nucleoside phosphorylase； ④ Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase； ⑤ Adenylosuccinate lyase (A) ①,② (B) ②,③ (C) ③,④,⑤ (D) ②,④ (E) ②,③,④

複選題87. Which of the following statements is CORRECT in DNA repair? (A) AlkB is involved in base-excision repair. (B) AP endonuclease is involved in mismatch repair. (C) ABC excinuclease is involved in nucleotide-excision repair. (D) DNA photolyase is involved in direct repair. (E) Dam methylase is involved in methyl-directed repair.

88. A peptide is digested by chymotrypsin, and the resulting peptides are shown as following: GlyAsn； Asp-Met-Leu-Phe； Leu-Lys-Trp； Met-Arg-Ala-Tyr. The C-terminal amino acid of the starting peptide (the one cleaved with chymotrypsin) is (A) Asn (B) Phe (C) Trp (D) Tyr (E) Gly

複選題89. Which of the followings inhibit fatty acid synthesis: ① malonyl CoA； ② glucagon； ③ citrate； ④ phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (AB) ①,②,③ (AC) ①,②,④ (AD) ①,③,④ (AE) ②,③,④ (BC) ①,②,③,④ (BD)一律送分

90. Which of the following statements about pentose phosphate pathway is FALSE? (A) The major pathway is to produce five-carbon sugars. (B) The major products are two molecules of NADPH and one molecule of ribulose-5- phosphate. (C) Oxidation of glucose 6-phosphate to 6-phosphoglucono-δ-lactone is the first reaction. (D) It provides ribose-5-phosphate for nucleotide biosynthesis. (E) It occurs exclusively in the mitochondria.

1. 關於細胞呼吸作用的敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A) 糖解作用需先提供能量，經受質層次磷酸化(substrate-level phosphorylation)直接產 生ATP (B) 檸檬酸循環經受質層次磷酸化直接產生ATP (C) 糖解作用及檸檬酸循環產生的NADH及FADH2進入電子傳遞鏈經氧化磷酸化 (oxidative phosphorylation)產生ATP (D) 整個細胞呼吸的主要關鍵點在糖解作用的第一個反應酵素-己糖激酶(hexokinase)

2. 關於細胞傳訊(cell signaling)的敘述，下列何者錯誤？ (A) 細胞接收外來訊息可分為接收(reception)、傳導(transduction)及作出反應(response) 等三階段 (B) 傳訊分子(signaling molecules)種類繁多，傳遞途徑以及作用範圍也有極大差距 (C) 特定傳訊分子會刺激所有有其受體(receptor)的細胞做出一致的反應 (D) 不同細胞內訊息傳遞的途徑(signal transduction pathways)因受體種類、傳遞分子的 有無而可能相同、部分相同或不同