88. The PCR reaction mixture does not include ________.
(A) all four deoxynucleoside triphosphates
(B) DNA containing the sequence to be amplified
(C) heat-stable DNA polymerase
(D) DNA ligase
(E) oligonucleotide primer(s)

84. Which of the following is false regrading 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG)? (A) It binds at a distance from the heme groups of hemoglobin. (B) It binds with lower affinity to fetal hemoglobin than to adult hemoglobin. (C) It increases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. (D) It is an allosteric modulator of hemoglobin. (E) It is normally found associated with the hemoglobin extracted from red blood cells.

85. Proline residues are infrequently found in ________due to their ________. (A) helices; decreased ability to serve as hydrogen-bond donors (B) helices; large positive charge that disrupts the repeating structure (C) sheets; decreased ability to serve as hydrogen-bond donors (D) sheets; large positive charge that disrupts the repeating structure (E) turns; decreased flexibility as an amino acid

86. When oxygen is bound to myoglobin, the amino acid ________ is complexed to the iron ion of the heme group while ________ forms a hydrogen bond to the oxygen. (A) cysteine; serine (B) cysteine; histidine (C) serine; cysteine (D) histidine; histidine (E) histidine; cysteine

87. Which of the following is associated for determining the dihedral angle (phi) of the peptide bonds? (A) CO-NH-Cα-CO (B) NH-Cα-CO-NH (C) Cα-CO-NH-Cα (D) HN-Cα-CO-NH (E) Hα-CO-NH-Hα

89. Which of the following nuclear-encoded protein does not require signal peptide? (A) Secreted protein (B) Mitochondrial protein (C) Cytosolic protein (D) Plasma membrane protein (E) All of the above require signal peptide

90. Which of the following techniques is the best to quantify protein-protein interactions? (A) Co-immunoprecipitation (B) Affinity chromatography (C) Chemical cross-linking (D) Surface plasmon resonance (E) The two-hybrid system

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