⑴ Tunicate bulb vs. Twin scaling

一、英譯中：請把下面這段英文譯成正確、流暢的中文（20 分） Fake news and sophisticated disinformation campaigns are severely problematic in democratic systems, and there is growing debate on how to address these issues without undermining the benefits of digital media. In order to maintain an open, democratic system, it is important that government, business, and consumers work together to solve these problems. Governments should promote news literacy and strong professional journalism in their societies. The news industry must provide high-quality journalism in order to build public trust and correct fake news and disinformation.

二、中譯英：請把下面這段中文譯成正確、流暢的英文（20 分） 圖書館不再只是借書或做作業的場所，而是大家集會的地方、媒體中心、數位資訊 庫，甚至可能是現代設計或建築的奇觀。創新的公共圖書館通常都比較能夠吸引大 眾的目光，但是許多大學的圖書館也開始為符合學生及教職員的需求而增加更優質 的服務及科技設施，提供更現代化的設計空間給學生讀書或聚會。全世界已有不少 圖書館接受這些新的想法，加強資訊創新，也因為如此，這些圖書館能從眾多圖書 館中脫穎而出。

三、應用文撰寫：請根據下面的說明寫一篇英文的公告（20 分） 國立臺灣歷史博物館（National Museum of Taiwan History）預定於民國 107 年 9 月 1 日 到 12 月 31 日展出臺灣原住民文物，展出內容不僅涵蓋數千年前的文物，也包含目 前仍在使用的物品。請您為該博物館寫一篇英文的公告放在網頁上，邀請對本展覽 內容有興趣的人來參觀。

四、英文作文：請根據下面的說明寫一篇約 300 字的英文作文（40 分） Since the 1990s, some educators have been promoting the concept of “teaching less, learn more” in school education, which is quite different from our traditional concept of teaching more so that students can learn more. According to your own experiences, please write your arguments for or against this educational trend with supportive illustrations in about 300 words.

⑵ Callogenesis vs. Caulogenesis

⑶ Cyclic lighting vs. Dark interruption

⑷ Sympodial orchid vs. Homoblastic pseudobulb

⑸ Bulblet vs. Commercial bulb

二、試述蝴蝶蘭微體繁殖分生苗（mericlone）大量生產的兩大再生系統為何？並說明此 兩種繁殖體系之優缺點。（20 分）

三、古典庭園代表著人類文明發展的時代精神，試比較東方古典庭園與西方古典庭園有 何異同？請依據造園理念、庭園型式、造園手法舉例說明之。 （25 分）