二、請從人類發展理論說明老年人所面臨的發展議題或任務，並說明諮商專業在目前社會人口老化日漸嚴重的問題上可以發揮的功能。(25分)

三、何謂動機？(5分)請舉出三種常見的社會性動機，加以定義並說明。 (20分)

四、依據John Bowlby 的依附理論，兒童的依附類型可區分為哪些類型？請定義並加以說明。(25分)

1. Since National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) established the Research and Services Headquarters (RSH) in 1996, the fIrst ofits kind nationwide, a total of more than fifty research centers have been founded.

2. These include the Disaster Prevention Research Center, the Resource Recycling & Management Research Center, Technology Transfer & Business Incubation Center, etc., to name just a few.

3. All of these centers aim to integrate research work force and resource as well as to establish cooperative platform and liaison among industry, government, academic, and research organizations.

4. Over the years, NCKU has made great contribution to industrial development and domestic competitiveness through transferring research achievement to industries.

5. Each year, an affiliated center of the RSH is, on average, commissioned to conduct three or four projects of Industry-Academia cooperation, which amounts to around seven or eight hundred million New Taiwan Dollars (NTD).

1. (1) Jill gave a report on the progress of the preparation for the workshop. (2) The workshop will be held from May 2 to May 9,2012. (3) Jill said she would call for and organize a workshop organizing committee. (4) Jill will form the organizing committee before the end of this semester. (5) The organizing committee will be headed by Chair of the Department.

2. (1) DW Griffith made movie history. (2) Griffith was a premier pioneering American film director. (3) Griffith introduced many new cinematic techniques into the movie industry. (4) Some of these techniques were close-ups, fade-outs, and the freeze-frame shot. (5) All of these new techniques have been widely used in motion pictures since Griffith's introduction of them.

1、 請說明人格心理學中，特質論所述及的五大因素為何（10分）？特質論的學者對DSM診斷系統之「人格疾患」（personality disorders）所持觀點為何（10分）？並舉一人格疾患為例說明之（5分）。

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