申論題

二、請翻譯成中文

The squat effect is the hydrodynamic phenomenon by which a vessel moving with certain speed through shallow water creates ship's bow or stern pressure reduced that causes the ship to increase its draft and thereby be closer to the seabed than would otherwise be expected. 

超大型集裝箱船滿載吃水可達16米,其在高速航行過程中自身的 SQUAT,根據經驗公式,航行於開敞淺水時,其值可到6.5米。通常在水深少於1.5 倍吃水時航行,即可產生淺水效應。在小於2倍滿載吃水水深時,建議將多少米等深線作ECDIS的安全水深,原因為何?