(a) 請問什麼是telomere？它的序列有何特性？(8分)

(b) Telomere如何進行複製？(10分)

(c) 為何telomere被認為跟老化有關？(5分)

(d) 為何只有eukaryotes需要telomere，而prokaryotes不需要？(5分)

(a) HAT (histone acetyltransferase)如何影響基因的表現？( 6分)

(b) mRNA上的UTR (un-translational region)，poly-A tail在基因表現蛋白過程中各扮演何種角色？(10分)

(c) 請問何謂Ribosome的A-Site與 P-Site? (6分)

1. Many teachers feel that though child-centered lessons are wonderful in many ways, in reality, we need to use teacher-centered methods. Please explain what the strengths and weaknesses of child-centered lessons and teacher-centered lessons are? (25%)

2. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) has been the trend of current teaching approach in Taiwan. According to Canale and Swain, there are four dimensions of communicative competence. Please explain what the four dimensions of communicative competence are and talk about the limitations of CLT. (25%)

3. According to scholars (e.g., Brown and Abeywickrama, 2010), the objectives of the assessment tasks in listening can be classified in terms of several types of listening performance. (a) Based on your understanding, identify at least four types of listening performance and the objectives of the tasks assessing each type of listening performance. (b) If you use the story Three Little Pigs and the Big Bad Wolf as the teaching material in your EFL classroom, how will you design your listening tasks to assess your students’ listening performance of these four different types? (25%)

4. In her book Beginning to read, Marilyn Adams (1991) suggests that to become skillful readers, children need “much more” than the knowledge of “critical letter-sound correspondences.” To your understanding, what might be the “more” for EFL beginning readers in Taiwan and in other settings as well? (25%)

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