1. Calculate the concentration of H+ in 1.0 M HCN solution. K_a = 6.2✖10-¹⁰ The K_sp value for silver chromate is 9.0✖10^-12. Calculate the solubility of Ag₂CrO₄ in 0.100 M solution of AgNO₃.

2. Using the molecular orbital model to describe the molecular orbital energy level diagram of NO. Predict the bond orders and relative bond lengths for NO, NO', and NO+. How many unpaired electrons are present in each species.

3. Give the structure for each of the following species. a)o-ethyltoluene b)c/s-2,3-dichloro-2-.pentene c)isopropano丨 d) IF3 e)SO32—

5.逐句完整翻譯這段敘速成中文:Molecular structure is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms that constitute a molecule. It determines several properties of a substance including its reactivity, polarity, phase of matter, color, .magnetism, and biological activity. The angles between bonds that an atom forms depend only weakly on the rest of molecule, i.e. they can be understood as approximately local and hence transferable properties.

(c) (5%) What is the Gibbs free energy of freezing water at -10°C? (Molar melting enthalpy of ice: △mH° = 5619 J mol -1at–10°C, △mH° = 6008 J mol-¹ at 0°C; molar heat capacity: ice Cp,m=37.66 J mol-¹K-¹, water Cp,m-75.38 J mol¹K¹)

(b) (5%) The entropy of change for the isolated system upon freezing includes the entropy change of the surrounding as the entropy change of the water. Since the heat capacity of surrounding is large, the heat evolved by the water on freezing us absorbed by the surrounding with only an infinitesimal change in temperature. Calculate the entropy change of the surrounding! What is the change in the entropy of the universe?

(a) (5%) Calculate the change in the entropy when 1 mol of liquid water at -10°C changes to ice at -10°C. Explain your result!

(d) (4%) Sketch the graph ofthe lineweaver-Nurk equation. Use a coordinate system in which (1/[S]0) is on the horizontal axis and (1/V0) is on the vertical axis. Show the resulting graph is a line that intersects the horizontal axis at (-1/Km) and the vertical axis at (1/Vmax)

(c) (4%) Show that the Michaelis-Menten equation can be written in the form (1/V0)=(Km/Vmax)(1/[S]0) + (1/Vmax) (This formula is know as the Lineweaver-Burk equation and shows that there is a linear relationship between (1/V0) and (1/[S]0).)

(b) (4%) Applying the steady-state approximation to ES, show that the initial rate V0 at which P is formed can be described by the Michaelis-Menten equation Vo=(Vmax*[S]0)/ ([S]0 +Km), where [S]0 is the concentration of the substrate and Vmax=kcat [E]0 is the maximum rate at which the product may be formed and Km = (kf+kcat)/kf is the MichaelisMenten constant.

(a) (3%) Write down a system of rate equations for the change of concentrations of these four chemical species with time t by applying the law of mass action (the rate of a reaction is proportional to the product ofthe concentrations of the reactants).

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