申論題

1. 請將以下短文翻譯成中文。(40%)
Risk-based Inspection for Cargo Containers
"There is no consensus on the number of cargo containers entering U.S. portseach year — the figures quoted range from 11.6 to 15 million. There is aconsensus, however, that implementing the congressionally mandated 100-percent inspection of these containers is a Herculean task； some suggestinstead a risk-based inspection combined with more incentives to the privatesector to make containers secure.

"An incentive system for shippers could help push some of the costs andresponsibilities of port security from the federal government to privateindustry, according to an article — 'Securing the Containerized Supply Chain:Analysis of Government Incentives for Private Investment,' by Nitin Bakshi ofthe London Business School and Noah Gans of the Wharton School — in thecurrent issue of Management Science, the journal of the Institute forOperations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS)."