申論題

13. A nonspontaneou us reaction can be driven to occur in biological systems by using a reaction that produces a lot of entropy in the surrounding for building and maintaining their intricate functions. Use any biological reactions as examples to discuss the physical chemistry principle behind the drive and address the related Gibbs fice encrgy changes in biological systems. (For examplc. the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is the reaction used most frequently by organisms to couple and drive nonspontancous reactions. Eating food that contains glucose can heip to restore ADP back to ATP by combustion of glucose in our bodies. However. you can use whichever the reaction you know the best to answer this question.) 让脂嘘半的同 (12%)