3.One is the rapid emergence of virtual care through digital tools such as telehealth and remote monitoring that have made it safer and more convenient for patients to connect with their doctors during the pandemic, and that is empowering individuals to take charge of their health in entirely new ways. Virtual care has the capacity to personalize, accelerate, and augment treatment and prevention, saving time and money while improving outcomes. The ability to engage patients without requiring an in- person visit to a clinic will help ensure that they receive the right level of care and enable healthcare facilities to better manage the flow of patients into clinics and emergency rooms (9 分).

一、英翻中 1. Fish are cold-blooded animals, typically with backbones, gills, and fins, and are primarily dependent on water as a medium in which to live. Fishes are also the most numerous of the vertebrates. Best estimates are from 15,000 to 17,000 recent species. At present, more than 70 percent of the earth's surface is covered with water. For the fish, the most important aspects of water are dissolved oxygen, light penctration, temperature, toxic substances, concentrations of disease organisms, and opportunity to escape enemies. Most species of fish have relatively small home ranges to which they restrict most of their movements. However, some fishes are great travelers and seem to be continually on the move. Very mobile are   pelagic fishes   and others which often travel great distances between fresh and marine waters. Generally, a migration is a more or less continuous and direct movement from one location to another. Such movement is under the control of the fish, genetically determined, and is influenced by environmental factors. Migrations are mostly for   spawning  or feeding and are generally time oriented, although sometimes they take place when fishes actively flee adverse conditions.

2. In the coastal waters of Taivan, the northwand fow of the Kinoshio Curent (KC provides a continuous, year-round addition to the abundant fish resources of Taiwan, influencing the year-round oceanic regime. During the winter north-casterly monsoon period (September to April), the China Coastal Current (CCC) brings cold water from the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea into the Taiwan Strait (TS). Water circulation in the TS varies seasonally due to changes in wind direction. Furthermore, the CCC and KC are tied closely to sea surface temperature (SST) variations in the coastal waters of Taiwan. In recent years, the rate of SST increase in Taiwan waters has accelerated, and the variability has increased. The increase in SST has been accompanied by a shift in ocean currents. The mechanisms behind these changes are the decline of the CCC and the enhancement of the KC. The ocean environment changes contribute to modifications in the productivity, distribution and phenology of marine species, affecting ecosystem processes and altering food webs. (30分)

3. Fishery management aims to protect and conserve fishery resources and ecosystems, and to provide a rationale for their sustainable utilization. Current fishery management tools and measures include information gathering (for example, catch production and environmental data (including salinity, ocean currents, etc.)), input controls (for example, total allowable effort and individual effort restrictions and vessel and gear restrictions, etc.), output controls (for example, total allowable catch (TAC), etc.), technical measures (e.g., marine protected area (MPAs), marine spatial planning (MSP), and size and sex selectivity restrictions), and monitoring and enforcement (vessel monitoring systems (VMSs) and voyage date recorders(VDRs)). This management tools can be expected to meet the objectives of sustainable fishery management and to respond to the challenges posed by global change. All countries around the world have specific institutions for exercising such management authority within their exclusive economic zones, and many are part of regional and international fisheries bodies and management organizations to manage shared stocks and fisheries in areas beyond national jurisdictions.

I. Paraphrase : Read the following passage and rephrase it in your own words(while keeping the original meaning) in 250 words.Social media companies have been under tremendous pressure to do something about the proliferation of misinformation on their platforms. Companies like Facebook and YouTube have responded by applying anti-fake-news strategies that seem as if they would be effective. As a public-relations move, this is smart: The companies demonstrate that they are willing to take action, and the policies sound reasonable to the public.But just because a strategy sounds reasonable doesn't mean it works. Although the platforms are making some progress in their fight against misinformation, recent research by us and other scholars suggests that many of their tactics may be ineffective - and can even make matters worse, leading to confusion, not clarity, about the truth. Social media companies need to empirically investigate whether the concems raised in these experiments are relevant to how their users are processing information on their platforms.One strategy that platforms have used is to provide more information about the news' source. YouTube has "information panels" that tell users when content was produced by government-funded organizations, and Facebook has a "context" option that provides background information for the sources of articles in its News Feed. This sort of tactic makes intuitive sense because well-established mainstream news sources, though far from perfect, have higher editing and reporting standards than, say, obscure websites that produce fabricated content with no author attribution. But recent research of ours raises questions about the effectiveness of this approach. We conducted a series of experiments with nearly 7,000 Americans and found that emphasizing sources had virtually no impact on whether people believed news headlines or considered sharing them. People in these experiments were shown a series of headlines that had circulated widely on social media - some of which came from mainstream outlets such as NPR and some from disreputable fringe outlets like the now-defunct newsbreakshere.com. Some participants were provided no information about the publishers, others were shown the domain of the publisher's website, and still others were shown a large banner with the publisher's logo. Perhaps surprisingly, providing theadditional information did not make people much less likely to believe misinformation.The obvious conclusion to draw from all this evidence is that social media platforms should rigorously test their ideas for combating fake news and not just rely on common sense or intuition about what will work. We realize that a more scientific and evidence-based approach takes time. But if these companies show that they are seriously committed to that research - being transparent about any evaluations that they conduct internally and collaborating more with outside independent rescarchers who will publish publicly accessible reports ㅡ the public, for its part, should be prepared to be patient and not demand instant results. Proper oversight of these companies requires not just a timelyresponse but also an effective one.SourceNew York Timeshttps://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/24/opinion/fake-news-social-media.htmlAdapted from an article by Dr. Pennycook and Dr. Rand on March 24, 2020.Authors: Gordon Pennycook is an assistant professor at the Hill and Levene Schools of Business at the University of Regina, in Saskatchewan. David Rand is a professor at the Sloam School of Management and in the deparment of brain and cognitive sciences at M.I.T.

II. Composition : Read the following infographic and write a 350-word essay, responding to three questions: (1) What is it? (2) How to cope with it? (3) What specific impacts has it had on you personally and the society?

1.Please read the following article and answer the question below: LIDAR, short for light detection and ranging, is a remote-sensing method that measures distances between objects through the use of pulsed laser light. The systems help autonomous vehicles maneuver. They're used in airports to monitor the flow of passengers in real-time, and by manufacturers to monitor supply chains. As the global pandemic continues, some manufacturers are realizing they can repurpose their LIDAR systems for monitoring employee distancing. For manufacturers, there is no remote work option. As they reopen in the face of COVID-19, they need to take extra precautions, including remote temperature sensing.        The CyLab researchers developed an algorithm to measure forehead temperatures on multiple faces. They fused data returned from multiple sensors and data sources, including thermal and visual, to find the desired accuracy. The new system reduces false negative and false positive detection results. It also self-calibrates its own measurements to include factors of distance and ambient temperature. Please translate the following terms into Chinese (3% for each) (A)remote-sensing (F) precautions (B)real-time (G) algorithm (C) manufacturers (H) fused data (D)global pandemic (I) false negative (E) employee (J) ambient temperature

2.Translate the following two sentences into Chinese: (10% for each) (A)IoT and digitization are not new, but I will say COVID-19 has accelerated that trend, it's making a lot of equipment manufacturers realize they need that connection. (B) The machine data collected allows the firm to provide preventive maintenance. Local service teams can deliver the right spare part at the right time for faster fault resolution, saving costs associated with breakdowns and production loss.

3. Read the following article and fill in the correct "preposition"(介係詞)(3%for cach)        The global supply chain is a finely tuned machine, funneling components__ (A)_ across the globe to manufacturers who assemble them into finished products. It's built __(B)__ a foundation of lean manufacturing principles, and when it works, it provides high quality parts __(C)__ the lowest costs. In early 2020, that finely tuned machine ground to halt. Countries temporarily shut down factories and other business in order _(D)__ limit the spread__(E)__ COVID-19, leaving manufacturers__(F)__ the rest of the world without adequate stockpiles of components and other materials.        The global shutdown put the spotlight on China, the country first affected __(G)__ the coronavirus and where the great bulk of the world's goods are manufactured. China accounts__(H)__ a whopping 35 percent of global manufacturing output, according to consulting and research firm McKinsey Global Institute. When China stopped working to contain the virus, the shutdown cascaded across the world. __(I)__instance, production of critical medical and personal protective equipment, which has been concentrated in Chinese factories, petered out or stopped altogether, leaving health care workers dealing_(J)_ shortages. Reference prepositions: across, at, by, from, for, in, of, on, to, with, without

4. Translate the following two sentences into English: (10% for each) (A)工業自動化技術的發展,仰賴裝置於設備當中的各種感測元件,尤其是微型化感測器。 (B)微機電製造技術承襲於半導體工業,目前已經用於生產微型壓力計、慣性感測器、光學感測器以及生醫感測器。

I. Please translate the following English passages into Chinese.       The coronavirus pandemic is a warning for humanity. It is a reminder that, despite all our technological progress, humanity remains vulnerable to catastrophes that shake the world. Many have taken to calling 2020 an unprecedented time - but the truth is precisely the opposite. We have long been vulnerable to devastating pandemics. The Black Death of 1346-53 killed around one-tenth of the world's population, including about a third of the people in Europe. The introduction of European diseases into the Americas may have killed as many as 90% of the people living there - again a tenth of the world's population. And just a hundred years ago, the 1918 flu (the first truly global pandemic) killed about one in 30 people across the world. What would have been truly unprecedented is if our vulnerability had ended. This catastrophe is simply part of a very long-running trend.      Yet there is one sense in which our time is without precedent. With the development of nuclear weapons in the 20th century, humanity's escalating power finally reached the point where we could cause catastrophes on the largest possible scale: the destruction of our own species, and with it, everything we could have achieved or become. Like all species, we have always been vulnerable to a small background of natural extinction risks, but these have now been outstripped by risks of our own creation. The existential risk of nuclear war was soon joined by that of extreme climate change, and this century will bring even greater risks from advanced biotechnology and artificial intelligence. Will we wake up to these risks in time, taking the steps needed to control them, or will we continue to focus on other things until the risks catch up with us? This will be the defining question of our age - and perhaps of the entire human story.(Excerpted from The World in 202/, the Economist)

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