申論題

IIl. Contextual Filling: 
    For photographer Ike Ude, beauty is a political    31    . Ude understands that many of the images of Africa and its people that are exported throughout the world   32   the continent in a debased fashion, so he carries the intention to bring forth in his images the beauty of Nigeria, his native country, and its people. His portraits hold up as a documentation that rewrites the narrative of African people.
    "Ike Ude: Nollywood Portraits," on view at the Smithsonian's National Museum of African Art, provides grandiose    33    of African beauty. On display, are celebrated performers from the world's second largest movie industry-Nollywood. The term, coined on a    34    in 2002 by Norimitsu Onishi, chief of The New York Times' southern Africa bureau, refers to the films coming out of Nigeria.
    "Nollywood is an industry that    35    itself unapologetically on its own terms and it is now a global presence and here is a New York-based Nigerian artist who is bringing all the tools of glamor from across cultures, across centuries," says the museum's curator Karen Milbourne.
    Like Hollywood, the actors of this movie industry are revered and adored. These are power players   36   the likes of the Hip Hop generation of the U.S. They are the p. Diddys and the Jay Zs of Africa, personalities who have come from all over the western region of Africa to contribute to a movement that is impacting the world. Their faces are plastered on DVD covers and promotional posters, so why not   37   them to high art? Some of the Nollywood celebrities featured are: Taiwo Ajai-Lycett, an actress, producer and director, who has starred in ten movies and multiple TV series; Richard Mofe Damijo, an actor, writer, producer and lawyer, who has starred in more than 70 films; and Genevieve Nnaji, an actress and producer who has starred in more than 100.
    Nollywood is a $3 billion movie industry that began with the 1992 movie, Living in Bondage. Like many of the films produced following its release, Living in Bondage was shot using a home video camera with rough editing. The popularity of this low-budget movie causeda   38    . of similar films. The films tell stories of adultery, material concerns, sexual harassment and are at times alegorical where moral wrongs are punished. In the beginning of the movement, they were primarily distributed and
sold on DVD or shown in community spaces because of the high crime in areas where the cinemas existed.
(A) whim (B) intervention (C) built (D) float(F) testimony (G) akin to (H) depict (I) elevate (J) crave for
(E) surge

31.