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41. Which of the following statements concerning extraction is INCORRECT? (A) The recovery of the extraction is defined as the ratio of the instrument signal after extraction to the signal before extraction. (B) Extraction can effectively alleviate matrix effects. (C) Methanol is added in supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) to facilitate the extraction of polar compounds such as ibuprofen. (D) The suitable stationary phase of a solid-phase extraction cartridge for extracting tertiary amine drugs (e.g., lidocaine) is a strong cation-exchange sorbent. (E) Lowering the pH of the solution enhances the extraction of propionic acid (pKa = 4.0).

40. Which of the following statements concerning optical components is INCORRECT? (A) Lenses made of quartz are suitable for ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy (B) The resolution of a monochromator increases with narrower slits, higher grating groove density, longer focal length, and higher diffraction order. (C) Laser operation does not require population inversion. (D) An interference filter selectively transmits a narrow wavelength band using thin-film interference. (E) Microelectrodes exhibit reduced charging currents compared with conventional electrodes.

39. Which of the following statements concerning microelectrode is INCORRECT? (A) Microelectrodes can provide high sensitivity because they have a large double-layer capacitance at the electrode-solution interface. (B) Microelectrodes have at least one dimension in the micrometer range, resulting in enhanced mass transport by radial diffusion. (C) Microelectrodes are well suited for fast cyclic voltammetry. (D) Microelectrodes allow electrochemical measurements in solutions with high resistance and minimal supporting electrolyte. (E) Microelectrodes exhibit reduced charging currents compared with conventional electrodes.

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7. 以實現科學管理效果為目標的預算制度稱之為何? (A)績效預算制度 (B)零基預算制度 (C)費用預算制度 (D)單式預算制度

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23. _____ such a sharp decline in organ donation rates been observed in this region. (A) Rarely before has (B) Before rarely has (C) Has rarely before (D) Rarely has before (E) Has before rarely