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四、請針對以下火羽在溫度層化環境下(Plumes in Temperature - Stratified Ambients)的描述,解讀附圖的物理現象。原文:When a buoyant, turbulent plume rises, it cools by entrainment of ambient air. If the ambient air increases in temperature with height, which is normal in buildings, and the fire source is weak, the temperature difference between the plume and the ambient, which gives the plume buoyancy, may vanish and actually reverse in sign. Eventually the plume ceases to rise.Figure: Theoretical behavior of centerline plume variables in linearly temperature-stratified ambients. Curve A: ratio of temperature rises (stratified versus unstratified), Curve B: ratio of axial velocities. Curve C: ratio of plume radii. Curve D: ratio of volumetric species concentrations. Where z: height above top of combustible (m) and Zm: maximum vertical penetration of plumefluid in stratified ambient (m)

三、請以史帝芬-波茲曼(Stefan-Boltzmann)公式,說明幅射熱熱傳特性(10 分),並針對設備測試、系統功能及性能設計方面,提出 3 種 在防火工程(Fire Safety Engineering)上的運用情境(15 分)。

二、A sinusoidal voltage \( E \sin \omega t \), where \( t \) is time, is passed through a half-wave rectifier that clips the negative portion of the wave. Find the Fourier series of the resulting period function. \[ u(t) = \begin{cases} 0 & \text{if } -L < t < 0 \\ E \sin \omega t & \text{if } 0 < t < L \end{cases} \quad p = 2L = \frac{2\pi}{\omega} \]

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16 下列何者是最不適當的鑄道放置位置? (A)3/4 牙冠(three-quarter crown)放在舌側面 (B)MOD 嵌體(inlay)放在遠心邊緣嵴(distal marginal ridge) (C)釘台體(pinledge)放在最大肉厚部且與釘子的方向平行 (D)瓷融合金屬冠(porcelain fused to metal crown)放在頰側咬頭(buccal cusp)

17.某校學務主任閱讀青少年次文化著作,書中提及勞工階級家庭背景學生的反學校文化,包括崇尚陽剛、輕蔑學術知識與文憑等。該著作最接近哪一位學者的觀點? (A)艾波(M. Apple) (B)布迪爾(P. Bourdieu) (C)傅柯(M. Foucault) (D)衛里斯(P. Willis)

16 異環胺類化合物(heterocyclic amines)為食品加工過程中衍生之有毒物質,下列敘述何者錯誤? (A)異環胺類化合物為蛋白質食品進行高溫加熱後產生,可分為 IQ 類化合物、非 IQ 類化合物與 carboline 類化合物三大類 (B) Trp-p-1 與 Glu-p-1 分別是色胺酸與麩胺酸的高溫裂解產物,屬於非 IQ 類化合物,不需 S-9 mix 即可表現強致突變性 (C)高溫是促進異環胺類化合物形成的關鍵因素,水分則是其抑制因子 (D)各種異環胺類化合物以 MeIQ 致癌性最強

8. The private school mainly serves ______ families who can afford high tuition and extensive extracurricular programs. (A) negligible (B) ubiquitous (C) unsightly (D) affluent

2. The company hopes that this advertising campaign will ____ more interest in their new product.(A) appoint(B) allocate(C) generate(D) register

25. Assume the multiplier is 5 and that the crowding-out effect is $30 billion. An increase in government purchases of $20 billion will shift the aggregate-demand curve to the (A) right by $130 billion. (B) right by $70 billion. (C) right by $50 billion. (D) right by $10 billion.