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104年 - 104 臺北市明倫高中教師甄選：英文科#51393

科目：教甄◆英文科 | 年份：104年 | 選擇題數：45 | 申論題數：0

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選擇題 (45)

1 ‘If you just quest for mediocrity, you won’t have any chance of facing___________. (A)parameter (B)excitatory (C) fiasco (D)debauch)
2. The breakout of a war leads to mass ___________. of the minorities from their homeland to the country nearby. (A)outset (B) exodus (C) amelioration (D) depreciation)
3. Roswell Incident was a(n) ___________. enigma in the histoiy of the U.S. (A)bumpy (B) manifest (C)emulative (D) unfathomable)
4. A knowledgeable scholar does not necessarily express everything clearly, so it is a popular .___________. that a good scholar is a good teacher. (A)consensus (B) concordance (C) fallacy (D)unanimity)
5. Failure and depression make him___________. toward the people around him. (A)malevolent (B) amorous (C)mesmeric (D) flatulent)
6. and brave explorers went on his expedition to the utmost corner of the earth. (A)Audacious (B) Demure (C) Grotty (D)Decorous)
7. After he had a stroke last week, he had a speech___________. . (A)implement (B)impeccant (C) impediment (D)impetuosity)
8.Employers can be ___________. for any fee when they travel to another country to negotiate with their clerks. (A)recuperated (B) reneged (C) remunerated (D) reimbursed)
9.Global warming leads seawater to land. (A)entrancing (B)enuncitating (C)encroaching (D) entrenching)
10.If you work in a way, you will achieve nothing. (A)ductile (B)proactive (C) decadent (D) desultory)
11.Cicadas enjoy the joys of life when they reach the imago stage. (A)equivocal (B)ephemeral (C) erudite (D)exigent)
12,A man of___________. spirit won’t yield to any difficulties ahead of him. (A)indiscreet (B) inextricable (C)indomitable (D) insipid)
13 .It was reported that a canoe was___________. by the cataracts of rain in the upstream of the river. (A)capsized (B) caroused (C) composted (D) conjured)
14.The movie star was dressed so___________. that even famous fashion designers consulted her. (A)imperturbably (B) inscrutably (C) impecuniously (D) impeccably)
15,The victims of the earthquake cannot withstand another_. (A)cataclysm (B) catapult (C) castration (D)cavalcade) n. Cloze Test: 20% (a) If we want to connect language to our brains, we can compare it to eating, Language in the brain should be ___16— as a restaurant. There is a cooking area where food is prepared, and an eating area where it’s consumed. The production of language (the kitchen) is handled primarily by front (anterior) portions of the left hemisphere, and an area in both humans and animals which deals with 17— movement. Comprehension (the eating area) is dealt with mainly by back (posterior) portions, because this is the area which deals with incoming impressions. Traditionally, the anterior production portions are _18— Bi'oca’s area, and the posterior reception portions as Wernicke’s area, after the nineteenth-century neurologists recognized their importance. However, Braca’s area is not a brain “unit” —19— a cover term for a cluster of interconnected areas. At least four subsections can be _20_. First, an area which deals with the muscles controlling speech, mainly _21— of the mouth. Further forward is an area which controls —22— order, that is, the arrangement of things one after the other. Further forward still, another area deals with conditional connections, as in “IF it rains, THEN put up an umbrella.” Further forward still, another handles associations between words. The first three of these are probably important in the brains of other primates, though humans have extended their use: “Language functions have recruited cortical circuits that —23_ for very different purposes in our primate ancestry.” . (C) envisaged (C)configurative (C) referred to 找s (C)and (C)amassed (C) those (C) intermittent (C) dissipated
16.(A, commiserated
17.(A)invariable
18.(A)made up of
19.(A)yet
20.(A)identified
21.(A)ones
22.( (A) sequential
23.(A)scattered (B)dispersed (B) voluntary (B) categorized into (B)but (B) immersed (B)that (B) cardinal (B) degenerated (D) converged) (D) autonomous) (D)accounted to) (D)or) (D) intrigued) (D)them) (D) fortuitous) (b)Though negotiations directly between MITI (the Ministry of International Trade and Industry) and IBM produced agreements to allow _24— to enter Japan, and soon to manufacture there, but only at the -25 that IBM would open its patents to any Japanese firm desiring them, at very favorable royalty rates. Thus the Japanese companies brought together by MITI could enter the race with a strong advantage: they could build computers _26— with IBM’s systems, and the government would finance majority percentages of the research costs needed to build Japanese computers. The work was _27— organized and Toshiba, with its technological agreements with GE, was paired with NEC and that firm’s overseas partner Honeywell. As a result, “—28_, the alliance had 20% of the [Japanese] computer market，” observes one study of the unfolding race. But “Toshiba’s models did not sell well, and by the 1980s, Toshiba, no longer willing to bear the high cost of producing mainframe computers... decided to drop out... and —29 its own efforts into small business computers and minicomputers.”
24.(A)the later (B)the latest (C)the latter (D)the former)
25.(A,stipulation (B) abdication (C) abrogation (D)pro vision)
26.(A)irreconcilable (B)compatible (C) converged (D)perverted)
27.(A)unconscionably (B) presumptuously (C)scmpulously (D) impudently)
28.(A)Combining (B) To combine (C) Having combined (D) Combined)
29.(A)tunneled (B) hampered (C) dumped (D) impeded) (c)All languages are works in progress. But English’s globalization, 30_ in the history of languages, will revolutionize it in ways we can only imagine. In the future, there could be a tri-English world, —31— in which you could speak a local English-based dialect at home, a national variety at work or school, and international Standard English to talk to foreigners. With native speakers a shrinking minority of the world’s Anglophones, there’s a growing sense that students should stop trying to _32 Brighton or Boston English, and embrace their own local versions. Researchers are starting to study non-native speakers' “mistakes”一“She look very sad, for example—as structured grammars. In a generation’s time, teachers might —33— be correcting students if they say “a book who” or “a person which.” A famous linguist asks why some Asians, who cannot articulate the “th” sound very —34—, should spend hours trying to say “thing” instead of “sing” or “ting”，International pilots, she points out, already pronounce the word “three” as “tree” in radio dispatches, —35_ “tree” is more widely comprehensible.
30.(A, unprecedented (B) unpretentious (C) impoverished (D) imperative)
31；(A)and (B) but (C) the one (D) those)
32.(A)retrieve (B) contrive (C) concoct (D) emulate)
33.(A)invariably
34. (A)implicitly
35.(A)for (C) radically (D)constantly) (C)providently (D) discreetly) (C) nevertheless (D) nonetheless) (B) scarcely (B) distinctly (B)hence III. Reading Comprehension: 10% (a)A longitudinal fissure separates the human brain into two distinct cerebral hemispheres, connected by the corpus callositm(The arched bridge of nervous tissue that connects the two cerebral hemispheres, allowing communication between the right and left sides of the brain.). The sides resemble each other and each hemisphere's structure is generally mirrored by the other side. Yet despite the strong anatomical similarities, the functions of each cortical hemisphere are managed differently. For example, the lateral sulcus (any of the narrow fissures separating adjacent convolutions of the brain.) generally is longer in the left hemisphere than that in the right hemisphere. Broad generalizations are often made in popular psychology about one side or the other having characteristic labels such as "logical" for the left side or "creative" for the right. These labels need to be treated carefully; although a lateral dominance is measurable, these characteristics are in fact existent in both sides, and experimental evidence provides little support for correlating the structural differences between the sides with functional differences. The extent of any modularity, or specialization of brain ftinction by area, remains under investigation, If a specific region of the brain or even an entire hemisphere is either injured or destroyed, its functions can sometimes be assumed by a neighboring region, even in the opposite hemisphere, depending upon the area damaged and the patient's age. When injury interferes with pathways from one area to another, alternative (indirect) connections may come to exist to communicate information with detached areas, despite the inefficiencies. While functions are lateral ized, these are only a tendency. The trend across many individuals may also vary significantly as to how any specific function is implemented. The areas of exploration of this causal or effectual difference of a particular brain function includes its grogs anatomy, dendritic structure, and neurotransmitter distribution. The structural and chemical variance of a particular brain function, between the two hemispheres of one brain or between the same hemisphere of two different brains, is still being studied. Short of having undergone a hemispherectomy (removal of a cerebral hemisphere), no one is a "left-brain only" or "right-brain only" person. Brain function lateralization is evident in the phenomena of right- or lefl-handedness and of right or left ear preference, but a person's preferred hand is not a clear indication of the location of brain function. Although 95% of right-handed people have lefl-hemisphere dominance for language, 18.8% of left-handed people have right-liemisphere dominance for language function. Additionally, 19.8% of the left-handed have bilateral language functions. Even within various language ftinctions (e.g., semantics, syntax, prosody), degree (and even hemisphere) of dominance may differ.
36. Which of the following statements is true? (A)The right hemisphere and the left one of our brain have symmetric structures and their functions are similar. (B)The author thinks that the function of the right side of our brain controls creativity only, (C)The two sides of our brain share similar structures but some parts of their structures have different length. (D)There is strong evidence that two sides of our brain function differently.)
37. In this'passage, what does the word “assumed” mean? (A)undertalcen (B) imagined (C) replaced (D) amended)
38.Which of the following statements is true? (A)Left-handed people are proven to have a powerful right brain. (B) Left-handed people are more likely to use both sides of their brains than right-handed people. (C) Nowadays, there are some doctors who removed the half side of some patients’ brains successfully, (D) Although a patient’s brain is injured, both sides of his brain exchange information efficiently.) (b) People associate memory loss and decline in cognitive functioning with aging. But one must be aware of various factors that can directly affect mental health and hence affect memory centers in the brain. Internal imbalances between various body systems, malnutrition, negligence, among other factors can lead to brain and memory issues at a young age. The brain is an organ, and arguably the one that most consumes oxygen and other nutrients for proper functioning -ranging from focus, analysis, learning new skills, space-time orientation, controlling and dealing with various, mental-emotional states, and of course - memory. In Western physiology, mental processes and emotional states are attributed directly to the brain. Hence，memory loss and brain health is achieved synthetically, through use of dietary supplements. In Chinese herbalism, certain organs are held responsible for affecting mental states, and imbalances in their functions directly affect the brain and the body as a whole. As an example, herbalists equate heart with joy, lungs with wony and sadness, the liver with anger, kidneys with fear, and the spleen to thinking. Furthermore, throughout the centuries herbalists have remained committed to the underlying philosophy that harmony must be and can be achieved naturally at all times. Hence, everything in Chinese herbalism deals with achieving the intricate balance and harmony in the human body-balance of Qi-energy and harmony between the Ying and Yang. Hence, all Chinese herbal formulas are committed to re-establishing the proper functioning of oi^gans that are related to, and hence affect the brain.
39.The main idea of the passage is_ . (A)the close relationship between memory loss and aging (B) the close relationship between many organs and human feelings (C) the influence of many factors on the functions of our brains, such as our memory loss (D) the relationship between Chinese herbalism and human organs)
40,In this passage, the word “underlving” means_. (A)fundamental (B) secondary (C) subjacent (D) explicit)
41.The Chinese herbalists believe a lot of things EXCEPT_. (A)malfunction of one oi^an affecting brain. (B) the harmony between the Ying and Yang affecting the function of certain organs (C) the concept that the brain is just like an organ (D) certain organs affecting human mental states) (c) The idea that heredity can be seen as a form of memory was entertained by several nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century biologists and was part of a Lamarckian approach to evolution. Eva Jablonka surveys these ideas, focusing especially on the best-articulated theory of heredity~as~memory, developed by the German zoologist Richard Semon during the early twentieth-century. Although his major book, The Mneme, generated interest, Semon’s ideas were criticized and eventually discarded and forgotten, as the fortunes of Lamarckism began to wane in the 1920s and 1930s, Eva Jablonka argues that today, in light of what we know about the mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance, heredity and memory can be shown to be linked at several levels of biological organization. She also suggests that Semon's observations and ideas deserve reappraisal.
42.In this passage, Eva Jablonka __ (A)held a skeptical tone toward the close relationship between heredity and memory (B) depicted how heredity and memory developed (C) admitted that Semon’s ideas were discarded in the 1920s and 1930s (D) took more optimistic attitude a bit toward the idea that hei'edity and memory can be linked)
43 .What does the word “reappraisal” mean? (A, reassess (B) reapportion (C) reshuffle (D) relinquish) (d) The psychology of learning and the philosophy of language both place enormous importance on this part of a child’s development. Another important discovery in the psychology of learning is that children in this phase use.‘compensatory play’，which is the first evidence of children trying to come to terms with their emotions. According to the psychology of learning, children transfer their emotions or an event that happened onto another object. For example, a child that has recently been scolded might be seen scolding her doll as a way of understanding how the scolding made her feel. When the child reaches 'childhood* status (7 years and up) their learning capacity is greatly increased. The psychology of learning dictates that children should be given as much structure during this period as possible, to teach the child how to interact socially. Games like hide-and-seek and board games are heavily endorsed by those who practice psychology of learning. Institutionalized games, and oi^anized sports play an important role in this stage of a child’s development. Studies in the psychology of learning show that children at this age who participate in sports are more likely to have better grades and more energy, and .are more likely to get along well with their classmates and firiends.
44. According to the passage, some theories of psychology of learning refer to the things EXCEPT that (A)children are prone to learn some feelings from another object (B) children leam social contact when they play such games as hide-and-seek (C) children learn more and more things due to their bigger brain capacity during childhood (D) children are prone to establish better social relationship with friends if they take part in sports activities)
45 .In this passage, the phrase come to terms probably means_ . (A)submit (B) contract (C) enfold (D) ascend) IV Vocabulary in Context: 10% , Ryu Icy u was once a s 1 n country. It was a kingdom founded in 1492, It took nearly 450 years before Japan occupied it in 1879. During these years, it was in 2 ted into the circle of Chinese culture. In fact, one part of the country known as “Tso-San” started to present t3 e to Chinese Emperor in 1372. The other two parts of it also were submissive to Chinese emperor. At that time, it was the beginning of Ming Dynasty in Chinese Mainland. Later, these parts of it was granted one name “San-san” by the great Chinese Emperor. The first Chinese character “San” here means the figure “three” and the second “mountains” or sometimes “islands”. Then, agate, ivory, gold and silver were sent to China.Dvmng these years, Chinese Emperor rarely i 4 ned in its domestic affairs. All the Chinese Emperor did was de 5 h capable people to help its kingdom deal with its domestic affairs. One of the most famous people was “Hwai-Gi”，who helped the ruler of “Tso-san” u 6 y these islands to form a real country and made great contributions to building its royal palace and a harbor. Afterwards, the Chinese Emperor gave the kingdom the name RyQkyCi and its king a Chinese surname .“Shan”, Its ldng also ordered some of his people to study at the school, which Chinese Emperor buiJt in the Chinese capital. The Chinese Emperor also ordered that the people coming from thrity-six different surname families in Fujian Province moved to the kingdom. But Satsuam, coming from Kagoshima (Japan) attacked the kingdom in 1607. The kingdom could not but s 7 ted to it in private but it was still one of the Chinese vassal countries in public That is，the kingdom had to pay heavy taxes Satsuam was i—_8_sing increasingly to it Nevertheless, the kingdom tried its best to lay c 9 m to its independence, so it made an agreement with the U.S., France and Holland in the 19th centiny. But all was gone as Japan occupied it. Although the U.S. placed it under trysteeship from 1945 to 1972, the people there seemed to forget it was once an a_10__y. It came back to Japan in 1972, still being one county of the country.

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