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111年 - 111 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試：(生物化學)一般生物化學#120703

科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆生物化學 | 年份：111年 | 選擇題數：50 | 申論題數：0

試卷資訊

所屬科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆生物化學

選擇題 (50)

1. What is a molecule that has two ionized groups called? (A) Enantiomer (B) Zwitterion (C)Hydrophile (D)Cis-trans isomers (E)None of the above
2. What is the name given to the type of chemical bond that forms between the slightly electropositive hydrogen atom in a polar group and an electronegative atom? (A) Covalent bond (B) Electrostatic bond (C)Hydrogen bond (D)Disulfide bond (E)Van der Waals bond
3. Which of these proteins has a quaternary structure? (A) Carbonic anhydrase (B) Concanavalin A (C)Insulin (D)Hemoglobin (E)Myoglobin
4. Of the following amino acids, which will have a pI closest to 3? (A) Cys (B) His (C)Gly (D)Asp (E)Arg

5. Which of the following bonds has partial double bond character?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C)3 (D)4 (E)5
6. The GroEL/GroES complex is a type of what? (A) Chaperones (B) Hsp 70 protein (C)Molten globules (D)Motor proteins (E)Receptors
7. What following enzyme can generate adenosine monophosphate? (A) Adenylyl kinase (B) Adenylyl cyclase (C)Ribonucleotide reductase 1 (D)Acyl-CoA synthetase (E)Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase-1
8. What following compound can be found with a tyrosyl unit? (A) Glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol (B) Sphingosine 1-phosphate (C)Glycogen (D)Serotonin (E)S-glutathione
9. What is an important mediator for the biosynthesis from pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate? (A) Oxaloacetate (B) Alanine (C)Lactate (D)Acetyl-CoA (E)NADPH+H+
10. What enzyme can generate an ammonium ion (NH4+)? (A) Transaminase (B) Uroporphyrinogen III synthase (C)Serine hydroxymethyltransferase (D)Glutamine synthetase (E)Cystathionine γ-lyase
複選題
11. Which of the following genetic backgrounds can be induced by lactose to produce beta-galactosidase? (A) I+Z+Y+A+ (B) I-Z+Y+A+ (C)I+Z-Y+A+ (D)I-Z-Y+A+ (E)All of them
12. Which of the following cis-elements can be bound by a repressor? (A) TATA box (B) GC box (C)Enhancer (D)Silencer (E)Transcription start site
13. Which of the following gene rearrangements results in the Philadelphia Chromosome that causes chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)? (A) Deletion (B) Gene loss (C)Translocation (D)Amplification (E)Insertion
複選題
14. Which of the following statements is correct for corticosteroid and its receptor (GR) to regulate gene transcription? (A) GR is located on the cell membrane in the absence of corticosteroid. (B) GR is located in the cytoplasm in the absence of corticosteroid. (C)GR is located in the nucleus in the absence of corticosteroid. (D)Ligated GR trans-activates inflammatory genes. (E)Ligated GR inhibits anti-inflammatory genes.
15. Numerous Xenopus cells were exposed to various amounts of ultraviolet light. Some of the resulting cells were observed to lack nucleoli. As a result, one would expect that the cell could not: (A) synthesize rRNA. (B) replicate its DNA. (C)perform photosynthesis. (D)perform cellular respiration. (E)none of the above
16. Cyclins modulate the progression of cells through the cell cycle by: (A) directly activating G proteins. (B) inducing the synthesis of constitutively active forms of growth cell receptors. (C)activating protein kinases that are critical regulators of cell division. (D)phosphorylating histones. (E)increasing the production of DNA polymerases.
17. A typical size for a viral genome is _______ nucleotides per haploid genome while a typical size for a bacterial genome is _______ nucleotides per haploid genome. (A) 2×106； 4×108 (B) 8×104； 5×107 (C)1×103； 9×104 (D)5×104； 4×106 (E)3×104； 5×109
18. The ABC excinuclease is essential in: (A) base-excision repair. (B) methyl-directed repair. (C)mismatch repair. (D)nucleotide-excision repair. (E)SOS repair.
19. Enzymes may increase the rate of chemical reactions by........  (A) binding tightly to the product. (B) binding tightly to reaction intermediates. (C)binding tightly to the transition state. (D)binding tightly to the substrate. (E)binding tightly to the coenzyme.
20. Allosteric enzymes can switch between high and low activity states. What are the kinetic properties of a high activity state (or R-state)? (A) high Vmax and low KM (B) high Vmax and high KM (C)low Vmax and low KM (D)low Vmax and high KM (E)low Vmax/KM
21. Which of the following statements regarding "competitive inhibition" is NOT correct? (A) A competitive inhibitor binds tightly to the active site of an enzyme. (B) Vmax of a reaction is NOT affected by competitive inhibitors. (C)"Vmax/KM" becomes smaller in the presence of competitive inhibitors. (D)Competitive inhibitors do not bind to the ES (enzyme-substrate) complex. (E)Many drugs are competitive inhibitors.
22. Which of the following is NOT used as a "chemical group donor" by a transferase? (A) S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) (B) adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (C)acetyl-CoA (D)alanine (E)heme group
23. Which of the phospholipids is mostly found in the outer layer of the plasma membrane under normal conditions? (A) phosphatidylcholine (B) phosphatidylethanolamine (C)phosphatidylinositol (D)phosphatidylserine (E)phosphatic acid
24. Which membrane protein can work against the electrochemical gradient? (A) channel (B) ion transporter (C)symporter (D)antiporter (E)pump
25. Which amino acid produces the highest unit amount of acetyl-CoA when catabolized? (A) serine (B) isoleucine (C)tryptophan (D)leucine (E)histidine
26. Homocitrulline is produced when ornithine transcarbamylase uses lysine, instead of ornithine, to react with carbamoyl phosphate. Which of the following defects could result in the above reaction? (A) carbamoyl phosphate synthase I (B) argininosuccinate synthetase (C)ornithine permease (D)argininosuccinase (E)arginase
27. Which of the following lipids is found only in mitochondria and is essential for mitochondrial function? (A) Cardiolipin (B) Sphingosine (C)Diphosphatidylglycerol (D)Lecithin (E)None of them
28. Which enzyme deficiency is responsible for von Gierke Disease? (A) Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (B) Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (C)Glucose-6-phosphatase (D)Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (E)Xanthine oxidase

29. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase is the main enzyme that regulates the rate of glucose regeneration. Which of the following can activate this enzyme?
(A) Adenosine monophosphate (B) Citrate (C)Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (D)All are right (E)None of them
30. The chemical reaction above is: (Image of chemical reaction) (A) Amide-imidic acid tautomerization (B) Amine-imine tautomerization (C)Lactam-lactim tautomerization (D)Keto-enol tautomerization (E)None of them
31. In an in vitro kinase assay, the protein substrate will be phosphorylated, and a phosphate group from 32P-labeled Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) will be covalently bound to the protein substrate. For this kind of assay, which kind of isotope-labeled ATP do you need? (A) ATP, [γ-32P] (B) ATP, [β-32P] (C)ATP, [α-32P] (D)ATP, [2,8-3H] (E)All of the above
32. To track the amount of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) synthesized after a certain hormone binds to its receptor in the cell, which kind of isotope-labeled nucleotides should be used in the assay? (A) ATP, [γ-32P] (B) dATP, [γ-32P] (C)ATP, [α-32P] (D)dATP, [α-32P] (E)All of the above
33. Cyclic GMP (cGMP) is used as a second messenger by: (A) Insulin (B) Glucagon (C)Epinephrine (D)Atrial natriuretic factor (E)Thyroxine
34. Which of the following descriptions is correct? (A) Hormones derived from tyrosine could be lipophilic or hydrophilic. (B) Arachidonic acids can only be generated from phospholipids cleaved by phospholipase A. (C)Peptide hormones are mature and biologically functional once the peptide is translated. (D)Vitamin D binds to its receptor on the plasma membrane. (E)None of the descriptions above (A-D) is correct.
35. Which description about the cell death process is correct? (A) Caspase 9 is involved in activating caspase 3. (B) Mitochondrial membrane leaking is required. (C)Mitochondrial cytochrome C release is involved in the following Caspase 3 activation. (D)The main executioner is Caspase 3. (E)All of the above are correct.
36. Which description about N-linked glycosylation is correct? (A) Ser/Thr is the attached site. (B) Containing Gal-Gal-Xyl tri-saccharides. (C)Asn is the attached site. (D)N-acetyl galactosamine is the core sugar for attachment. (E)The lysosomal protein sorting pathway is involved.
37. Which of the following proteins is involved in type IV collagen synthesis? (A) Lysyl oxidase (B) HSP47 (C)Telopeptidase (D)HSP60 (E)A, B, and C are all involved.
38. Which enzyme is involved in Cis Golgi oligosaccharides processing? (A) Oligosaccharide:protein transferase (B) N-acetyl galactosaminyltransferase (C)Fucosyltransferase (D)Galactose transferase (E)Mannosidase
39. The smallest carbohydrates are trioses. Which of the following is a triose? (A) Glucose (B) Ribulose (C)Ribose (D)Fructose (E)None of the above
40. The general formula of a carbohydrate is: (A) (CH2O)n (B) (C4H2O)n (C)(C6H2O)n (D)(C2H2O)n-COOH (E)None of the above

41. In lactose, the linkage is:
   (A) β-1-4 linkage (B) β-1-2 linkage (C)α-1-4 linkage (D)α-1-2 linkage (E)None of the above (Image of lactose structure)
42. Which of the following substrates is NOT coupled to the production of NADH? (A) Malate (B) Pyruvate (C)alpha-Ketoglutarate (D)Succinate (E)None of the above
43. In translation initiation, the Shine-Dalgarno sequence is recognized by: (A) eIF-4E (B) EF-Ts (C)IF-2 (D)fMet-tRNA^Met (E)16S rRNA
44. In translation elongation, which molecule functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor? (A) EF-Tu (B) EF-Ts (C)EF-G (D)aminoacyl-tRNA (E)IF-2
45. A frameshift mutation is caused by: (A) a "G" to "A" mutation in the coding region. (B) a nonsense mutation in an exon. (C)one nucleotide insertion in the coding region. (D)a "C" to "T" mutation in the promoter region. (E)None of the above
46. An N-terminal signal sequence is required for: (A) nuclear import. (B) targeting to mitochondria. (C)sorting in the Golgi. (D)translocation into the ER. (E)endocytosis from the plasma membrane.
47. Which size is the cloning (insert) size of a plasmid vector? (A) 500-3000 kb (B) ＜10 kb (C)10-20 kb (D)35-50 kb (E)50-250 kb
48. Which lipoprotein is responsible for cholesterol transport from extra-hepatic tissue to the liver? (A) HDL (B) IDL (C)VLDL (D)Chylomicron (E)HDL2
49. Which description of the difference between DNA and RNA is wrong? (A) DNA consists of double-strands. (B) The sugar in RNA is ribose. (C)The bases in DNA are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. (D)RNA forms in the nucleus. (E)The sugar in DNA is deoxyribose.
50. Which step of PCR (polymerase chain reaction) synthesizes new DNA from a single-strand template DNA? (A) Initiation (B) Denaturing (C)Extension (D)Annealing (E)Promoter clearance

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