1. Which of the following descriptions about water lilies is NOT correct?
(A) They are early diverging angiosperms.
(B) They belong to the ANA (Amborella, Nymphaeales, and Austrobaileyales) grade of basal angiosperms.
(C) The ABCDE model is the most suitable explanation for water lilies's flower development.
(D) Flowers of water lilies are characterized by showy petals and stamens not clearly whorled.
(E) Their flowers present a gradual morphological transition from the outer elements to the inner stamens.

複選題28(AB)These three definitions are ouroboros of subjective vagueness, gagging on its own tail. (AC) Unfortunately, these labels can be opaque at best. (AD) I find I’m bothered by the lack of a label in the Collegiate. (AE)Not promising: after all, “obscene” is right there in the definition. (BC) Such a conversation is completely normal when we’re trying to figure out what words should go into which dictionary. (BD) Words that are crude, vulgar, embarrassing, obscene, or otherwise distasteful get treated just as clinically as science terms and other general vocabulary. (BE)If there’s nothing in the style files, then we have to assume that the giants who went before us thought this was so commonsensical that it didn’t merit mentioning.

複選題29(AB)These three definitions are ouroboros of subjective vagueness, gagging on its own tail. (AC) Unfortunately, these labels can be opaque at best. (AD) I find I’m bothered by the lack of a label in the Collegiate. (AE)Not promising: after all, “obscene” is right there in the definition. (BC) Such a conversation is completely normal when we’re trying to figure out what words should go into which dictionary. (BD) Words that are crude, vulgar, embarrassing, obscene, or otherwise distasteful get treated just as clinically as science terms and other general vocabulary. (BE)If there’s nothing in the style files, then we have to assume that the giants who went before us thought this was so commonsensical that it didn’t merit mentioning.

複選題30(AB)These three definitions are ouroboros of subjective vagueness, gagging on its own tail. (AC) Unfortunately, these labels can be opaque at best. (AD) I find I’m bothered by the lack of a label in the Collegiate. (AE)Not promising: after all, “obscene” is right there in the definition. (BC) Such a conversation is completely normal when we’re trying to figure out what words should go into which dictionary. (BD) Words that are crude, vulgar, embarrassing, obscene, or otherwise distasteful get treated just as clinically as science terms and other general vocabulary. (BE)If there’s nothing in the style files, then we have to assume that the giants who went before us thought this was so commonsensical that it didn’t merit mentioning.

6.只用下列哪一種試液即可區別Na2S，Na2CO3，Na2S2O3，NaAl(OH)4，Na2SO4五種溶液：(A)氫氧化鈉溶液(B)鹽酸溶液(C)氨水(D)氯化鋇溶液。選出正確答案並說明原因。

2. Which plant hormone is adenine derivatives that promotes cell division? (A) Cytokinin. (B) Auxin. (C) Gibberellins. (D) Abscisic acid (E) Brassinosteroid.

3. Which of the following statements about polyploidy is NOT correct? (A) It is the heritable condition of possessing more than two complete sets of chromosomes (B) It is rare among plants but common among certain groups of fish and amphibians. (C) Allopolyploids rise due to the hybridization of two distinct species. (D) Higher vertebrates do not appear to tolerate polyploidy very well. (E) Heterosis and gene redundancy are advantages of polyploidy.

4. Which of the following descriptions of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is NOT correct? (A) HGT is the movement of genetic information between organisms. (B) HGT includes the spread of antibiotic-resistance genes among bacteria. (C) HGT involves the replacement of existing genes with incoming DNA or RNA or the introduction of new genes into a genome. (D) HGT is a key evolutionary driver capable of facilitating host manipulation and viral resistance. (E) Bacterial HGT occurs by transformation and conjugation but not transduction.

5. Which description of the primary walls of plant cells is NOT correct? (A) They are formed by growing cells. (B) They are usually relatively unspecialized. (C) They are similar in molecular architecture in all cell types. (D) They are the cell plates first formed during cytokinesis (E) They have relatively low cellulose content.

6. The Curcuma genus (薑黃屬) has a long history of medicinal applications. Which description of 薑黃素(curcumin) is NOT correct?  (A) It is extracted from Curcuma's stolons, which are plant stems growing at the soil surface. (B) It is a natural polyphenol. (C) It is an orange-yellow dye that is practically insoluble in water. (D) It is used in dairy products, beverages, cereals, mustard, and food concentrates. (E) It has antioxidant activity by scavenging a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

7. Please choose the correct answers for the summary of land plant phylogeny.  (A) a. monocots b. dicots c. mosses d. lycophytes (B) a. dicots t b. monocots c. lycophytes d. mosses (C) a. monocots b. dicots c. lycophytes d. mosses (D) a. dicots t b. monocots c mosses d. lycophytes (E) a. lycophytes b. monocots c dicots d. mosses