100. Which of the following is a problem faced by animals as they increase in size?
(A) decreasing surface-to-volume ratio
(B) reproducing in aqueous environments
(C) the tendency for larger bodies to be more variable in metabolic rate
(D) A and B only
(E) A, B, and C.

96. Which of the following is not a function of the plasma membrane proton pump? (A) hydrolyzes ATP (B) produces a proton gradient (C) generates a membrane potential (D) equalizes the charge on each side of a membrane (E) stores potential energy on one side of a membrane

97. Which of the following is of least concern to a researcher in a mineral nutrition experiment? (A) purity of the chemicals used to make the nutrient solutions (B) purity of the water used to make the nutrient solutions (C) chemical inertness of the container used to make and store the nutrient solutions (D) ability of a laboratory balance to weigh very small quantities of chemicals (E) medium in which the test seedlings were grown

98. Which of the following is true in plants? (A) Meiosis occurs in gametophytes to produce gametes. (B) Meiosis occurs in sporophytes to produce spores. (C) The gametophyte is the dominant generation in flowering plants. (D) Plants exist continually as either sporophytes or gametophytes. (E) Male gametophytes and female gametophytes have the same structure.

99. If protein synthesis was blocked in etiolated cells, what would be necessary for any de-etiolation to occur? (A) reception of light by phytochrome (B) activation of protein kinase 1 by cAMP (C) activation of protein kinase 2 by Ca2+ (D) post-translational modification of existing proteins (E) A, B, and C.

1. 下列有關化學滲透反應(chemiosmosis reaction)的敘述何者正確？(A)是植物用來合成 NADPH 的反應(B)可在葉綠體和粒線體中進行(C)在葉綠體中利用水作為電子的接受者(electron acceptor)(D)藉由葉綠體囊狀膜(thylakoid membrane)內外電子梯度(electron gradient)的差異而作用

2. 根據對膜蛋白(membrane protein)的了解，下列敘述何者正確？(A)合成的基因位於核仁(nucleolus)(B)在平滑內質網(smooth ER)內合成(C)可能經由高基氏體(Golgi complex)的組裝和修飾(packaged and processed)(D)藉由脂質體(liposome)載送至細胞膜上

3. 下列關於光合作用的敘述何者正確？ (A)C3 植物在暗反應(light-independent reaction)中利用 PEP 固定 CO2 (B)C4 植物可在葉肉細胞(mesophyll cell)和維管束鞘細胞(bundle-sheath cell) 進行二氧化碳固定(CO2 fixation)反應 (C)一般在乾熱缺水的環境下，C3 植物可能進行光呼吸作用(photorespiration) (D)景天科(CAM)植物在白天打開氣孔，進行二氧化碳固定反應

4. 有關高等植物的雙重授精(double fertilization)作用，下列敘述何者正確？(A)單子葉和雙子葉植物皆有(B)產生 3N 的合子(zygote)(C)僅發生於單子葉植物(D)授精後發育成胚(embryo)或胚乳(endosperm)

5. 下列名詞的配對何者錯誤？(A)門 --- Phylum (B)目 --- Family(C)綱 --- Class (D)屬 ---- Genus

6. 下列關於被子植物(angiosperm)的敘述何者正確？(A)孢子體(sporophyte)縮小，包覆於配子體(gametophyte)內(B)最早的化石發現於侏羅紀(Jurassic period)(C)果實由胚珠(ovule)授精後，膨大發育而成(D)種皮(seed coat)由珠被(integument)發育而成