11. If the y-intercept of a Lineweaver-Burk plot = 1.23 (sec/millimole) and the slope = 23.3 L/sec, K_M equals:
(A) 0.0348mM
(B) 0.0527 mM
(C) 18.9 mM
(D) 28.7 mM

12. The Michaelis-Menten constant (KM) is (A) a rough measure of the affinity of the enzyme for the substrate (B) a measure of the resistance of the enzyme to denaturation (C) related to the molecular weight of the enzyme (D) a reflection of the percentage of polar amino acids in the enzyme

13. Which of the following statements about ATCase is true? (A) ATCase is an enzyme involved in glycolysis (B) ATCase is allosterically regulated by ATP and CTP (C) ATCase catalyzes the conversion of aspartate and carbamoy! phosphate into citrulline (D) ATCase is found exclusively in prokaryotes

14. Which of the following types of amino acids in an active site is most unlikely to be involved in enzyme catalysis? (A) Those with hydrophilic, neutral side-chains (B) Those with negatively charged side-chains (C) Those with positively charge side-chains (D) Those with hydrocarbon side-chains

15. What is the primary difference between chymotrypsin and trypsin? (A) Chymotrypsin cleaves peptide bonds between amino acids with basic side chains, while trypsin cleaves peptide bonds between amino acids with acidic side chains (B) Chymotrypsin is secreted by the pancreas, while trypsin is secreted by the stomach (C) Chymotrypsin cleaves peptide bonds between amino acids with aromatic side chains, while trypsin cleaves peptide bonds between amino acids with basic side chains (D) Chymotrypsin is involved in the absorption of amino acids in the small intestine, while trypsin is involved in the breakdown of carbohydrates

16. Which of the following is true about phospholipids, sphingolipids, and cholesterol? (A) All three are amphipathic molecules (B) All three contain a glycerol backbone (C) All three are primarily found in the plasma membrane (D) All three have a similar chemical structure AINN

17. Which of the following is true about triacylglycerol and lipase? (A) Triacylglycerol is a type of enzyme, while lipase is a type of lipid (B) Triacylglycerol is main constituents of body fat in humans, while lipase might be involved in signal transduction (C) Triacylglycerol and lipase are both found in the plasma membrane (D) Triacylglycerol and lipase are both primarily involved in carbohydrate metabolism

18. Which of the following four fatty acids has the lowest melting point? (A) CH3(CH2)10COOH (B) CH3(CH2)20COOH (C) CH3(CH2)5CH=CH(CH2)7COOH (D) CH3CH2(CH=CHCH2)5(CH2)2COOH

複選題19 What type of receptor is the Acetylcholine receptor (AchR)? (A) Ion channel receptor (B) G-protein coupled receptor (C) Enzyme-linked receptor (D) Nuclear receptor

20. Which of the following best describes the function of the transducer in G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling? (A) G protein binds to extracellular ligands and triggers a conformational change in the GPCR (B) G protein catalyzes the conversion of GTP to GDP, which in turn activates downstream effectors (C) G protein couples the activated GPCR to downstream effector proteins, such as ion channels or enzymes (D) G protein acts as an intracellular signaling molecule that mediates the effects of GPCR activation on gene expression

21. Which of the following statements about insulin is correct? (A) Insulin binds to its receptor on liver and muscle cells, which activates a signaling cascade that leads to the activation of glucose transporters (GLUT4) and enzymes involved in glycogen synthesis (B) Insulin activates glycogen phosphorylase, which breaks down glycogen into glucose and promotes its uptake by cells (C) Insulin inhibits the activity of glucagon, which promotes glycogen synthesis and glucose uptake in liver and muscle cells (D) Insulin binds to its receptor on adipose cells, which activates a signaling cascade that leads to the uptake of glucose and its storage as glycogen in liver and muscle cells

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