13. Which one is NOT a correct description about crossing over?
(A) It happens in Prophase I of meiosis.
(B) It happens during the association called synapsis.
(C) It happens at the site called chiasma.
(D)It results the separation of sister chromatids at Anaphase I.
(E)It results the recombinant chromosomes.

9. What is not a trigger or a good description of apoptosis? (A)The external signals called death-signaling molecules. (B) The apoptosis caused via integrative signaling instead of single signaling. (C) DNA damage is one of the signals. (D)Malfunctioning of the ER protein production is one of the signals. (E)The apoptosis genes are highly conserved across organisms. 

10. About the electron transportation chain in cellular respiration, which one below is a wrong statement? (A)The electron transportation chain occurred across the inner mitochondrial membrane. (B) The H' are pumped out to the intermembrane space from the mitochondrial matrix. (C) Once the H gradient is formed, it results a proton-motive force. (D)The electron transport chain produces ATp, then was used in chemiosmosis. (E)The steps of electron transport chain and chemiosmosis together was called oxidative phosphorylation.

11. What is the characteristic of the G2 phase in a cell cycle? (A)Centrosomes duplicated. (B) Centrosomes moving away from each other. (C) Condense of the chromosomes. (D)Chromosome duplicated. (E)Chromosomes moving away from each other.

12. For the human meiosis process, at which step that the cells first become to haploid and separated cells? (A)Anaphase I (B) Telophase I (C) Prophase I (D)Metaphase II (E)Metaphase I

14. Some alleles are responsible for several symptoms of hereditary diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and sickle-cell disease.Which term do we use to this kind of alleles? (A)Multiple alleles(B) Pleiotropy(C) Epistasis (D)Polygenic inheritance (E)Dominant alleles

15. Which kind of mutation below does not cause the alterations of chromosome structure during meiosis? (A)Deletion (B) Duplication (C) Inversion (D)Translocation (E)Point mutation

16. Which one is NOT a true description of linked genes? (A)Linkage of genes violated the law of independent assortment. (B) Linked genes can be identified via crossing experiments. (C) Linked genes only can be found when genes are sequenced. (D)Genes could appear to be linked (statistically) but actually not. (E)Two genes are more likely to be linked if they are closer in distance on a chromosome.

17. In the history of the discovery of the genetic material, which combination was the research and the study that confirm DNA, not protein, is the genetic material? (A)Chase - T2 phage (B) Franklin - DNA x-ray (C) Watson - DNA SEM (D)Griffith - Streptococcus type R and S (E)Mendel - green and yellow beans 

18. During DNA duplication, while a nucleotide was added in the DNA strand, which molecule was release? (A)Polymerase (B) Primer (C) Primase (D)Phosphorane (E)Pyrophosphate

19. What is NOT a required molecule to start a DNA duplication process on both leading and lagging strands? (A)Helicase (B) RNA primer (C) Primase (D)DNA polymerase III (E)DNA ligase