15. Which is a common factor in the positive regulation simultaneously of a set of gene expression in bacteria?
(A) IPTG
(B) attenuator
(C) CRP-CAMP
(D) Ara C-arabinose

13. Which is a common factor in the positive regulation simultaneously of a set of gene expression in bacteria? (A) IPTG (B) attenuator (C) CRP-CAMP (D) Ara C-arabinose

16. An experiment on wild-type and a Rpb4 mutant polymerase II indicates that both proteins exhibited same activity in RNA synthesis. What is the information provided by this result? (A) Rbp4 mutation is lethal (B) Rbp4 is a core subunit (C) Rbp4 is nonessential (D) Rbp4 is essential

17. RNA polymerses I, II, and III were assayed for enzymatic activity with increasing concentrations of a-amanitin (0.02 ~ 200 µg/ml). Which is the polymerase that extremely sensitive to a-amanitin and capable of making mRNA? (A) Polymerase I (B) Polymerase II (C) Polymerase III (D) none of above

18. Which RNA type is not synthesized by polymerase II? (A) microRNA (miRNA) (B) ribosomal 28S rRNA (C) small nuclear RNA (snRNA) (D) heteronuclear RNA (hnRNA)

19. Which statement is least or not appropriate for RNA interference (RNAi)? (A) it may inhibit translation of specific gene (B) it may cause specific mRNA degradation (C) it involves the control of gene expression (D) none of above

20. A hybrid cell or heterokaryon was generated by fusion of an S-phase and an M-phase human cells. What is the most likely state of the nucleus of the S-phase cell following few hours of incubation? (A) G1 phase (B) S phase (C) G2 phase (D) M phase

21. If a loss of function mutation was found in the 5'UTR of a gene, what would be the most likely effect of this mutation? (A) A truncated protein was made from this gene (B) The levels of protein encoded by this gene was reduced significantly (C) The mRNA level of this gene was increased (D) The upstream gene was not expressed

22. In TGF-b pathway, R-Smads are activated by phosphorylation and form complex with Smad4, then this complex enter nucleus. Which of the following statement is   not   correct? (A) If the oligomerization domain on R-Smads is deleted, the TGF-b signaling is more active. (B) If the NLS (nuclear localization signal) on Smads is lost, TGF-b signaling will be reduced. (C) ubiquitination for protein degradation on R-Smads will promote signaling (D) over-expression phosphatase for R-Smads will reduce signaling

23. Morphogen is very important during development to induce different cell fates, which of the following feature does not belong to it? (A) A concentration gradient (B) Only produced by certain cells (C) Is diffusible (D) expresses ubiquitously

24. How will you detect a deletion mutation, except? (A) RNA in situ hybridization (B) PCR to determine the DNA size (C) DNA sequencing (D) Western Blotting to determine protein expression

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