18. “Unlike the Direct Method, however, it places less emphasis on teacher monologues, direct repetition, and formal questions and answers, and less focus on accurate production of target language sentences…there is an emphasis on exposure, or input, rather than practice; optimizing emotional preparedness for learning; a prolonged period of attention to what the language learners hear before they try to produce language; and a willingness to use written and other materials as a source of comprehensible input” (Richards & Rodgers, 1986: 129). What does “it” mean in the above-cited passage? (A) the Cognitive Approach (B) the Oral Approach (C) the Natural Approach (D) the Audiolingual Approach