攝影注意事項

 Chest AP 外(SID=100cm)，其餘皆為180cm

 去除身上金屬物質或更換服裝

 深吸氣後閉氣

 14*17底片過鉛柵攝影

 高電壓(100KVP↑)短時間(0,03sec)攝影 [低KVP易造成移動假影]

 以能顯示胸椎1-5之黑化度與對比最佳

 肩部上緣距離邊緣5公分以上[避免肺尖被cut到]

Forearm (AP view)

Forearm AP view isna standard projection to assess radius and ulna.

Patientnposition

·        npatient is seated alongside the table

·        nforearm is supinated, and its dorsal surfacenis kept in contact with the cassette with extension at the elbow joint

·        nboth elbow joint and wrist joints are alsonkept in contact with the cassette

Technicalnfactors

·        nanteroposterior projection

·        ncentring point

o   mid forearm region

·     collimation

o  distal to the wrist joint 

o   proximal to elbow joint

·   orientation  

o  portrait

·    detector size

o   24 cm x 30 cm

·    exposure

o  50-60 kVp

o  3-5 mAs

·     SID

o   n100 cm

·    grid

o    no

以上引用自: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/forearm-ap-view-2

Shoulder (AP view)

The shouldernAP view is a standard projection that makes up the twonview shouldernseries. The projection demonstrates the shoulder in its naturalnanatomical position allowing for adequate radiographic examination of thenentire clavicle and scapula, as well as the glenohumeral, acromioclavicular andnsternoclavicular joints of the shoulder girdle.  

Patient position

· patient is preferably erect

· midcoronal plane of the patient is parallelnto the image receptor, in other words, the patient's back is against the imagenreceptor

·glenohumeral joint of the affected side is atnthe center of the image receptor

· affected arm is in a neutral position by the patientnside

· nthe patient is slightly rotated 5-10° towardnthe affected side. Therefore, the body of the scapula is laying parallel withnthe image receptor

Technical factors

·nanteroposterior projection

· centring point

o 2.5 cm inferior to the coracoid process, or 2ncm inferior to the lateral clavicle at the level of the glenohumeral joint

collimation

o superior to the skin margins

o inferior to include one-third of the proximalnhumerus

o lateral to include the skin margin

o   nmedial to include the sternoclavicular joint

·   orientation  

o   landscape

·     detector size

o  24 cm x 30 cm

·   nexposure

o  60-70 kVp

o   10-18 mAs

·     SID

o   100 cm

·     grid

o  yes (this can vary departmentally)

以上引用自: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/shoulder-ap-view-1