20 下列那一種降血壓藥物,長期服用後會有 positive Coombs test(與免疫反應相關,如紅血球溶血反應)之副作用?
(A) Verapamil
(B) Nifedipine
(C) α-Methyldopa
(D) Captopril

答案:登入後查看
統計: A(113), B(130), C(971), D(130), E(0) #417706

詳解 (共 6 筆)

#1597359
α-Methyldopa  :  α2作...
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#2567528

cotrimoxazole也有positive coombs test 


The direct Coombs test is used to detect the antibodies or complement proteins that are bound to the surface of red blood cells; a blood sample is taken and the RBCs are washed (removing the patient's own plasma) and then incubated with anti-human globulin (also known as "Coombs reagent"). If this produces agglutinationof RBCs, the direct Coombs test is positive, a visual indication that antibodies (and/or complement proteins) are bound to the surface of red blood cells.

The direct Coombs test is used to test for autoimmune hemolytic anemia; i.e., a condition of a low count of red blood cells(a.k.a. RBCs) caused by immune system lysis or breaking of RBC membranes causing RBC destruction.

The indirect Coombs test is used in prenatal testing of pregnant women and in testing blood prior to a blood transfusion. It detects antibodies against RBCs that are present unbound in the patient's serum. In this case, serum is extracted from the blood sample taken from the patient. Then, the serum is incubated with RBCs of known antigenicity; that is, RBCs with known reference values from other patient blood samples. Finally, anti-human globulin is added. If agglutination occurs, the indirect Coombs test is positive.[1]

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#3744699
Methyldopa歷屆試題 45 下...
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#6212842
考古
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  Methyldopa
  α致效劑
代謝
Methyldopa 經 decarboxylase 成 dopamine
→ 再 β-hydroxylase 成 1R,2S-α-Methylnorepinephrine
→ 活化 α2 → 抑制 NE 釋放
功用 治療妊娠高血壓
副作用
中樞抑制、肝毒性、 男性女乳症
Positive Coombs test ex.溶血性貧血
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17. 下列那些降血壓藥物可用於治療妊娠性高血壓?①hydralazine ②methyldopa ③amlodipine ④aliskiren ⑤propranolol ⑥losartan
(A) ①②③
(B) ②⑤⑥
(C) ②③④ 
(D) ①④⑤
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答案:(A)
※ 孕婦高血壓用藥 Methyldopa、β-blocker、Nifedipine、Hydralazine、Hydrochlorothiazide、Labetalol
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57. α-Methyldopa可經下列何種反應,而產生活性代謝物?
(A) 先decarboxylation再α-hydroxylation
(B) 先decarboxylation再β-hydroxylation
(C) 先α-hydroxylation再decarboxylation
(D) 先β-hydroxylation再decarboxylation
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答案:(B)
Methyldopa 經 decarboxylase 成 dopamine
→ 再 β-hydroxylase 成 1R,2S-α-Methylnorepinephrine
→ 活化 α2 → 抑制 NE 釋放
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21. Methyldopa可用於治療妊娠高血壓,其藥物作用機轉為何?
(A) 可直接活化α2 -adrenergic receptors產生降壓作用
(B) 代謝物α-methylnorepinephrine可活化α2 -adrenergic receptors產生降壓作用
(C) 代謝物α-methylnorepinephrine可抑制DOPA decarboxylase減少norepinephrine生成,產生降壓作用
(D) 可直接活化dopamine β-hydroxylase,減少norepinephrine生成,產生降壓作用
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答案:(B)
Methyldopa 經 decarboxylase成dopamine
→ 再 β-hydroxylase 成 1R,2S-α-Methylnorepinephrine
→ 活化 α2 → 抑制 NE 釋放
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47. Methyldopa的最終活性代謝物,與下列何藥的作用機制最相似?
(A) clonidine
(B) prazosin
(C) propranolol
(D) guanethidine
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答案:(A) clonidine:α2 - agonist
(B) prazosin:α1 - antagonist
(C) propranolol:β - antagonist
(D) guanethidine:促NE排空
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59. Methyldopa須活化為下列何種化合物,才具有降壓之作用?
(A) 1R,2R-α-methylnorepinephrine
(B) 1S,2S-α-methylnorepinephrine
(C) 1R,2S-α-methylnorepinephrine
(D) 1S,2R-α-methylnorepinephrine
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答案:(C) 1R,2S-α-methylnorepinephrine
Methyldopa 經 decarboxylase 成 dopamine
→ 再 β-hydroxylase 成 1R,2S-α-Methylnorepinephrine
→ 活化 α2 → 抑制 NE 釋放
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46. Methyldopa可經由aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase與dopamine β-hydroxylase轉換成下列何種活性物?
(A) α-Methylepinephrine
(B) β-Methylepinephrine
(C) α-Methylnorepinephrine
(D) β-Methylnorepinephrine
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答案:(C) α-Methylnorepinephrine
Methyldopa經decarboxylase成dopamine
→ 再β-hydroxylase成1R,2S-α-Methylnorepinephrine
→ 活化α2 → 抑制NE釋放
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49. 降血壓藥 methyldopa 的活性代謝物是屬於:
(A) α 1 -致效劑
(B) α 2 -致效劑
(C) α 2 -拮抗劑
(D) β 1 -拮抗劑
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答案:(B) Methyldopa - α2致效劑
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20. 下列那一種降血壓藥物,長期服用後會有 positive Coombs test(與免疫反應相關,如紅血球溶血反應)之副作用?
(A) Verapamil
(B) Nifedipine
(C) α-Methyldopa
(D) Captopril
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答案:(C) α-Methyldopa 副作用:中樞抑制、肝毒性、 男性女乳症、 Positive Coombs test ex.溶血性貧血
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41. 下列那一種降壓藥物最不適合患有高血壓與憂鬱症的病人?
(A) Verapamil
(B) Enalapril
(C) Methyldopa
(D) Nadolol
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答案:(C) Methyldopa (α2 - agonist) 副作用:中樞抑制
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40. 下列那一種降血壓藥物長期投予時會有抗體產生,而引起溶血反應(即 Coombs test 陽性反應)?
(A) Propranolol
(B) Nicardipine
(C) Chlorothiazide
(D) Methyldopa
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答案:(D) Methyldopa 副作用:中樞抑制、肝毒性、 男性女乳症、 Positive Coombs test ex.溶血性貧血
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#5859955
Methyldopa副作用 : 長期投予...
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#6069370
Other important adve...
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