27. By completing β-oxidation of fatty acid with odd number of carbons, ______ will enter the citric acid cycle. ① acetyl-CoA； ② malate； ③ α-ketoglutarate； ④ succinyl-CoA
(A) ①,②
(B) ①,③
(C) ①,④
(D) ②,③
(E) ③,④

23. Which form of tetrahydrofolate is used in the enzymatic transfer of formyl group, as in purine synthesis and in the formation of formyl-methionine in prokaryotes? (A) N5 -Formyl-tetrahydrofolate (B) N5 -Formimino-tetrahydrofolate (C) -Formyl-tetrahydrofolate (D)Methenyl-tetrahydrofolate (E) Tetrahydrofolate

24. Hydroxylation of proline residues in collagen is catalyzed by proly1 4-hydroxylase. The enzymatic action of prolyl 4-hydroxylase requires: ① Ascorbic acid； ② α-Ketoglutarate； ③ ； ④ ATP； ⑤ (A) ①,②,③ (B) ①,②,④ (C) ①,②,⑤ (D) ①,③,④ (E) ①,④,⑤

25. Which of the following reactions requires vitamin K? (A) carboxylation of glutamate (B) ADP ribosylation of tyrosine (C) methylation of arginine (D) oxidation of cysteine (E) amidation of C-terminus of the polypeptide

26. Which of the following proteins plays a dual role in modulating protein folding and conformation of steroid hormone receptors in eukaryotic cells? (A) CroES-CroEL complex (B) Hsp60 (C) Prefoldin (D) Hsp90 (E) Chaperonin

28. Which of the following tools is NOT used to quantify the level of gene expression? (A) real-time RT-PCR (B) RNase protection assay (C) Northern blotting (D) Western blotting (E) Southern blotting

29. Enzymes are potent catalysts because they ______. (A) are consumed in the reactions they catalyze (B) are very specific and the converted products cannot return to substrates (C) drive reactions to completion, while other catalysts drive reactions to equilibrium (D) increase the equilibrium constants for the reactions they catalyze (E) lower the activation energy for the reactions they catalyze

30. What is the major apo-lipoprotein and lipid in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)? (A) ApoB-48, cholesterol ester (B) ApoB-100, phospholipid (C) ApoE, free cholesterol (D) ApoA-I, phospholipid (E) ApoA-II, cholesterol ester 

31. Which description about the hormones regulation in human reproduction is FALSE? (A) Inhibin inhibits anterior pituitary to secret follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in male. (B) Testosterone inhibits hypothalamus to secret gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in male. (C) Low levels of estradiol inhibits anterior pituitary to secret FSH in female. (D) High levels of estradiol stimulates hypothalamus to secret GnRH in female. (E) None of the above

32. Regarding to the mitochondria, which statement is FALSE? (A) According to the concept of endosymbiotic theory, the mitochondria extracted from monkey can be transferred into human cells. (B) The genome size of plant mitochondria is much larger than animal’s. (C) A cell can contain more than one mitochondria. (D) Mitochondria can produce ATP more quickly than glycolysis. (E) Mitochondria can do transcription and translation.

33. What do synaptic signaling and paracrine signaling have in common? (A) Cells bind a membrane bound signal on a neighboring cell. (B) Cells release a signal that affects cells at long distances. (C) Cells release a signal that affects itself and neighboring cells. (D) Cells release a signal that affects neighboring cells. (E) Cells release a signal through gap junctions to affect neighboring cells.