29.

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31.Which statement most accurately represents the relationship between wildfire smoke exposure and neurological conditions based on the research presented? (A) Neurological impacts occur only after sustained exposure over multiple fire seasons. (B) The blood-brain barrier provides effective protection against most wildfire pollutants. (C) The neurological effects are primarily mediated through respiratory impairment. (D) The PM2.5 from wildfires presents a unique risk profile compared to general air pollution.

32.Which of the following is NOT presented in the text as a pathway through which wildfire smoke particles can affect the brain? (A) Through inflammatory responses in the respiratory system (B) Through direct passage via the olfactory nerve (C) Through penetration of the blood-brain barrier (D) Through modulation of the nervous system

33.Based on the research findings, what is the most accurate characterization of the cognitive effects of wildfire smoke exposure? (A) The effects manifest only during active exposure to smoke. (B) Pre-existing cognitive conditions determine vulnerability to effects. (C) The impacts are most severe in particular age demographics. (D) Cognitive impairment shows a dose-dependent relationship with exposure.

34.Which of the following economic consequences does the passage suggest is linked to wildfire smoke exposure? (A) Healthcare costs for treating respiratory conditions (B) Property damage in affected areas (C) Reduced academic performance affecting future earnings (D) Lost productivity in the workforce

35.Which of the following best represents the concept of “solastalgia”? (A) A clinical measure of environmental anxiety (B) The physical symptoms of smoke exposure (C) A temporary stress response to evacuation (D) The psychological impact of witnessing environmental degradation