34. Which of the following amino acid is a pure ketogenic amino acid means its carbon skeleton can be used for the synthesis of ketone bodies but not glucose?
(A) Lysine
(B) Glycine
(C) Proline
(D) Methionine
(E) Tryptophan

30. Which of the following statements about human lung physiology and function is NOT true? (A) Oxyhemoglobin forms carbamino compounds more readily than De- oxygenated hemoglobin. (B) The soluble enzyme carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) plays an important role in CO2 influx and efflux by red blood cells. (C) The meaning of Bohr effect is CO2 reacts with water, forming carbonic acid, which lowers the pH of its surroundings. Low pH decreases the affinity of hemoglobin for O2. (D) In arterial blood, Pco2 is 5.3k Pa (40mmHg). (E) In mixed venous blood, Pco2 is 6.1 kPa (46 mm Hg).

31. Which of the following reaction would favor cellular gluconeogenesis in the fasted state? (A) AMP activates phosphfructokinase 1. (B) Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate activates pyruvate kinase. (C) Acetyl-CoA activates pyruvate carboxylase. (D) NAD+ activates glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. (E) None of the above.

32. Which description is true for deoxyribonucleotide? (A) cannot be synthesized in human cells (B) can be synthesized through ribonucleotide reductase (C) GTP is used as a energy donor during this reaction (D) can be obtained through nucleotide salvage pathway (E) none of the above

33. Which of the following amino acid is a nonessential amino acid with essential role in the production of epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine. (A) Tyrosine (B) Histidine (C) Leucine (D) Proline (E) Methionine

35. The enzyme, phosphoribosyltransferase, is involved in all of the following reactions except? (A) de novo synthesis of pyrimidine base (B) de novo synthesis of purine base (C) salvage reaction of pyrimidine base (D) salvage reaction of purine base (E) none of the above

36. Phospholipids contribute to cell functions except? (A) cell signaling (B) plasma membrane protein activation (C) mediator of acute inflammatory reaction (D) fat absorbtion in intestine (E) mitochondrial transport

37. Carnitine transport of fatty acids from the cytosol to the mitochondria is important for fatty acid catabolism. Which of the following statement is not ture? (A) the reaction is energy required (B) free carnitine and acyl-carnitine can be exchanged across mitochondrial inner membrane (C) release of CoASH from fatty acyl CoA in the cytosol side (D) carnitine:acylcarnitine translocase plays essential role in this reaction (E) carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and 2 located on outer- and inner- mitochondrial membrane, respectively.

38. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency is observed in newborn baby resulting to metabolic disorder. In case a baby is suffering from acetyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency, what metabolites will be accumulated in the urine and serum? (A) malonyl-CoA (B) long-chain fatty acids (C) hydroxybutyric acid (D) short-chain fatty acids (E) acetoacetic acid

39. Regarding the degradation of purine, all of the following molecules are the product of purine degradation EXCEPT: (A) hypothanthine (B) beta-alanine (C) xanthine (D) uric acid (E) guanine

40. 5-Bromouracil is a brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an anti-proliferation activity, which of the following statement is incorrect for 5-Bromouracil? (A) 5-Bromouracil acts as a base analog, substituting for thymine in DNA (B) 5-Bromouracil causes transition mutation of DNA (C) 5-Bromouracil used mainly as an experimental mutagen (D) The keto form of 5-Bromouracil is complementary to guanine, so it can be present in DNA either opposite adenine or guanine during DNA replication (E) 5-Bromouracil induces a point mutation via base substitution