35. Tetrahydrobiopterin can be synthesized from:
(A) ATP
(B) CTP
(C) GTP
(D) UTP
(E) TTP

36﹒ Which inhibitor can be used to inhibit complex III of electron transport chain in cells? (A) cyanide (B) oligomycin (C) malonate (D) rotenone (E) none of the above

37. Acetyl-CoA is one of the major metabolic intermediates in cells. In case, 1 mole acetyl-CoA is completely oxidized in cells (to form carbon dioxide and water). How many moles of high-energy bond will be generated? (A) 16 (B) 18 (C) 14 (D) 12 (E) 10

38. Which of the following amino acid biosynthesis shares the same pathway of urea cycle﹖ (A) Arginine (B) Histidine (C) Phenylalanine (D) Cystine (E) Lysine

39.Which of the following enzymes has two substrate catalytic properties? (A) uricase (B) deoxyribonuclease (C) xanthine oxidoreductase (D) xanthine oxidase (E) guanine deaminase

40. Glutathione can do all of the following reactions EXCEPT (A) trapping peroxides (B) increasing the solubility of drug (C) detoxifying endogenous compounds (D) decreasing the stability of plasma membrane in erythrocytes. (E) helping to maintain redox balance.

41. The resolution of gel filtration chromatography can be improved by_____. (A) using a long column with a slow flow rate (B) using a long column with a fast flow rate (C) using a short column with a slow flow rate (D) using a short column with a fast flow rate (E) loading a large sample volume

42. When studying post-translational modifications of proteins, researchers often use amino acid substitutions to mimic modified or unmodified protein states. Which amino acid is the most appropriate to mimic phosphoserine by mutation? (A) Thr (B) Tyr (C) Arg (D) Lys (E) Glu

43.A frameshift mutation is one that causes______ . and often changes ______ofa protein. (A) a deletion, the secondary structure (B) all of the bases downstream to shift, activity (C) all of the bases upstream to shift, the tertiary structure (D) an insertion, the primary structure (E) no change to amino acid sequence, nothing

44.Incubation of unilamellar liposomes composed of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidic acid and trace amounts of phosphatidyl inositol (PI) with PLspecifc phospholipase C (PLC﹚ results in hydrolysis of PI to inositol phosphate and diacylglycerol. In the experiments, PI distributes equally between the two leaflets during the preparation of liposomes. How much PI will be hydrolyzed by Pl-specific PLC? And when an active scramblase is incorporated into the liposomes, how much PI will be hydrolyzed by Pl-specific PLC? (A) 25%; 50% (B) 50%; 0% (C) 100%; 0% (D) 50%; 100% (E) 100%; 100%

45.ClpB is an ATPase, functioning as a chloroplastic disaggregase. Biochemical characterization, including the SDS-PAGE and gel filtration chromatography of the purified ClpB, was performed to understand this enzyme better. Which of the following statements is most likely? (A) The functional form of ClpB is a hexamer. (B) ClpB is 2 monomer in solution. (C) Mg+2 and ATP disaggregate ClpB. (D) The molecular weight ofCIpB monomer is 200 kDa. (E) In the presence of Mg+2 and ATP, CIpB displays an ordered tertiary structure.

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