36. Steroid hormones activate transcription by
(A) binding to a nuclear receptor.
(B) phosphorylating a protein kinase.
(C) binding to specific cell-surface receptors.
(D) inhibiting a histone deacetylase.

32. Protein sorting of anterograde cargo to different destinations within the Golgi complex occurs in the (A) cis-Golgi. (B) medial-Golgi. (C) trans-Golgi. (D) trans-Golgi network.

33. The only cells that can correctly attach sugars to proteins to form glycoprotein products are (A) yeast cells. (B) E. coli cells. (C) mammalian cells. (D) algal cells.

34. Which type of RNA participates in nuclear export of mRNA? (A) snRNA (B) miRNA (C)tRNA (D) hnRNA

35. Synthesis of pre-rRNA occurs in the (A) cytoplasm. (B) endoplasmic reticulum. (C) extranucleolar area of the nucleus. (D) nucleolus.

37. Transcriptionally inactive genes (A) are not located within nucleosomes. (B) often are methylated. (C) are not resistant to DNase I. (D) are always located within euchromatin.

38. What is the function of TFIIH in the transcription initiation complex? (A) binding to the TATA box (B) unwinding the DNA duplex (C) catalyzing the synthesis of RNA (D) all of the above

39. Protein X contains 7 transmembrane domains, with a short N-terminus and a long C-terminus. Following protein synthesis, the N-terminus of the protein faces the lumen (the inside) of endoplasmic reticulum (ER). After protein X is transported to the cell surface via exocytosis, you would expect the C-terminus of the protein X to be (A) extracellular. (B) cytoplasmic. (C) in the lumen ofER. (D) in the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane.

40. The first step in the secretory pathway that should be inhibited by a dominant-negative mutant of SNARE proteins is (A) rouigh endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi transport. (B) intra Golgi transport. (C) trans Golgi network (TGN) transport to the plasma membrane. (D) TGN transport to the late endosome.

1. RNA is involved in many cellular processes. Which method is not used for RNA detection? (A) Real-time PCR (B) Fluorescence in situ hybridization (C) Northern blotting (D) Footprinting (E) cDNA microarray

2. Which is incorrect about eukaryotic mRNA? (A) Transcribed by RNA polymerase II (B) Contain 5' cap and 3' poly( A ) tail (C) Contain 5'UTR to regulate translation efficiency (D) Contain 3'UTR to be targeted by microRNAs (E) Cannot be modified