39. One neurotransmitter associated with sleep, mood, attention, and learning is
(A) acetylcholine.
(B) nitric oxide.
(C) epinephrine.
(D) serotonin.
(E) melatonin.

35. What is the function of antidiuretic hormone? (A) to increase urination (B) to increase water reabsorption (C) to stimulate sodium reabsorption (D) to counter the effects of alcohol consumption (E) to reduce water reabsorption

36. Which endocrine gland synthesizes melatonin? (A) pineal (B) adrenal cortex (C) thyroid (D) parathyroid (E) pituitary

37. Which statement about glands and hormones is true? (A) The anterior pituitary produces multiple hormones that affect activity of other endocrine glands and cells of the body. (B) The posterior pituitary produces melatonin, which helps regulate biological rhythms. (C) The pineal gland is the master control center of the endocrine system. (D) The hypothalamus is an endocrine gland responsible for producing the hormone calcitonin. (E) All statements are true.

38. Which hormone stimulates growth of an ovarian follicle? (A) LH (B) FSH (C) estrogen (D) progesterone (E) androgen

40. Which results from stimulation by the parasympathetic nervous system? (A) increased heart rate (B) inhibition of the digestive organs (C) inhibition of urination (D) stimulation of saliva secretion (E) inhibition of saliva secretion

41. Which list correctly orders the structures within the ear as they transfer a sound wave during hearing? (A) eardrum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, oval window, auditory canal (B) eardrum, stirrup, hammer, anvil, oval window, auditory canal (C) auditory canal, eardrum, hammer, stirrup, anvil, oval window (D) auditory canal, eardrum, stirrup, hammer, anvil, oval window (E) auditory canal, eardrum, hammer, anvil, stirrup, oval window

42. Which of the following characteristics is referred to HIV, but not other viruses. (A) 2 copies of RNA molecules (B) reverse transcription (C) enveloped virus (D) A+B (E) all are correct

43. Which part of a bone contains red bone marrow? (A) compact bone (B) fibrous connective tissue (C) spongy bone (D) yellow bone marrow (E) fatty tissue

複選題44. Which statement best describes the power stroke of muscle contraction? (A) The myosin head bends, pulling the thick filament toward the center of the sarcomere. (B) The myosin head bends, pushing the thin filament toward the center of the sarcomere. (C) The actin head bends, pulling the thin filament toward the center of the sarcomere. (D) The actin head bends, pulling the thick filament toward the center of the sarcomere. (E) The myosin head bends, pulling the thin filament toward the center of the sarcomere.

45. which of the following about gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is True? (A) gram-negative bacteria have more peptidoglycan in their cell walls. (B) gram-positive bacteria have fimbriae but gram-negative bacteria do not. (C) certain bacteria are not gram-positive or gram-negative. (D) only gram-negative bacteria can form capsules. (E) endotoxin is existed in Gram-positive bacteria