40. About the so-called “trial by ordeal” in the Middle Ages, which of the following statements is not true? (A) There are four forms of ordeal: cold water, hot water, hot iron, and morsel. (B) In the cold water ordeal, the accused is declared innocent if he sinks. (C) In the hot water ordeal, the accused has to pull out a stone from boiling water. (D) The morsel ordeal is as painful as the other three but the easiest one to pass.

45. What is the main idea of this passage? (A) The reader should know who was determining what we should read. (B) The reader never questioned the author of the text that he was reading. (C) The reader should take a critical stance in the reader-author relationship. (D) It was wrong to believe what we read in school. 【背面尚有試題】語文類(一) 專業科目(一) 共 8 頁第 8 頁 The population of Taiwan is composed of four distinct ethnic groups, each of which has its own language: the Southern Min people, who immigrated to Taiwan from southern Fujian several centuries ago and speak the Southern Min dialect of Chinese; the mainland Chinese, who fled to Taiwan from various provinces in China after the Communist victory of 1949 and speak mostly Mandarin; the Hakka, who came from Guangdong province at about the same time as the Southern Min people and speak the Hakka dialect; and the aboriginal people, who have been in Taiwan for several thousand years and speak about a dozen different Malayo-Polynesian languages. From 1895 until 1945, the Japanese government ruled Taiwan and promoted the Japanese language among the people. As a result, many of the native Taiwanese ( i.e., the Southern Min, Hakka, and Malayo-Polynesian peoples) above the age of fifty or so speak Japanese as a second language. Since 1945, when Taiwan was returned to China at the conclusion of World War II, Mandarin—the national language of China—has been taught widely in the schools, with the result that most of those under fifty now know that language. Thus, a majority of the population of Taiwan is bilingual, with many trilingual and even quadrilingual speakers.

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