40. Which of the following statements about the inheritance of human ABO blood types is correct? (A) It is an example of polygenic inheritance. (B) There are three alleles, IA, IB, and i, for one gene locus. Hence, it does not follow Mendelian Genetics, which only considers two alleles at a single gene locus. (C) ABO blood types refer to glycolipids in the membrane of red blood cells. (D) A couple with blood type AB and blood type O, individually, is not likely to have a child with blood type AB. (E) The blood type AB follows the inheritance pattern of incomplete dominance.

13. Suppose a person begins breathing very rapidly while resting (hyperventilating), which of the following best describes how homeostasis is restored? (A) Rapid breathing decreases blood CO2 levels, thereby raising blood pH. The frontal cortex detects the change and reduces stimulation of the rib muscles and the diaphragm, thereby decreasing the breathing rate. (B) Rapid breathing increases blood CO2 levels, thereby causing the blood pH to drop. The hypothalamus detects the change and decreases stimulation of the rib muscles and the diaphragm, thereby reducing the breathing rate. (C) Rapid breathing decreases blood CO2 levels, thereby raising blood pH. The hypothalamus detects the change and reduces stimulation of the rib muscles and the diaphragm, thereby decreasing the breathing rate. (D) Rapid breathing increases blood CO2 levels, thereby causing the blood pH to drop. The medulla oblongata detects the change and reduces stimulation of the rib muscles and the diaphragm, thereby decreasing the breathing rate. (E) Rapid breathing decreases blood CO2 levels, thereby raising blood pH. The medulla oblongata detects the change and reduces stimulation of the rib muscles and the diaphragm, thereby decreasing the breathing rate.

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