5. Please place the steps of translation elongation in the correct order.
(1) Peptidyl transferase forms a peptide bond between the peptide in the P site and the newly arrived aminoacyl-tRNA in the A site.
(2) EF-G, with GTP, translocates peptidyl-tRNA to the P site.
(3) EF-Tu, with GTP, binds an aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosomal A site.
(A) 3, 2, 1
(B) 1, 2, 3
(C) 2, 3, 1
(D) 1, 3, 2

(E) 3, 1, 2

1. Biochemical and genetic experiments have demonstrated that the______ of tRNA are important for recognition by its cognate aminotransferase-tRNA synthetase.(A) acceptor stem and anticodon loop(B) T loop and variable loop(C) anticodon loop and T loop(D) variable loop and D loop(E) D loop and T loop

2. Which of the following molecules does not resemble a tRNA molecule?(A) tmRNA(B) EF-Tu(C) puromycin(D) RRF(E) suppressor tRNA

3. Which of the following antibiotics does not inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome?(A) chloroamphenicol(B) streptomycin(C) ampicillin(D) erythromycin(E) tetracycline

4. Put the following steps of prokaryotic translation initiation in the correct order.(1) Binding of IF1, IF2, and GTP to the 30S subunit.(2) Binding of IF3 to the 30S subunit.(3) Binding of the 50S subunit and loss of IF1 and IF3.(4) Dissociation of the 70S ribosome.(5) Formation of the 70S initiation complex by dissociation of IF2 and GTP hydrolysis.(6) Formation of the 30S initiation complex.(A) 1,2,3,4,5,6(B) 2,1,6,3,5,4(C) 5,6,3,2,1,4(D) 4,2,1,6,3,5(E) 2,4,1,6,3,5

6. Which of the following evidence can be considered as supports or necessity for discontinuous synthesis of one strand of double-stranded DNA molecules?(A) the presence of Okazaki fragments as replication intermediates(B) DNA polymerase requires a primer(C) DNA replicates unidirectionally(D) DNA replicates bidirectionally

7. Which one concerning hybrid dysgenesis in Drosophila is true?(A) Hybrid dysgenesis occurs when the P element is contributed by the egg and sperm is devoid of P element.(B) Hybrid dysgenesis occurs when both parents (egg and sperm donors) carry P element.(C) Transposition of P element is responsible for killing somatic cells of F1 hybrid(D) The molecular basis of hybrid dysgenesis lies at the tissue-specific splicing of the primary transcript of transposase

8. Which one of the following processes requires RecA activity?(A) activating immunoglobulin gene rearrangement(B) resolving a Holliday junction during recombination(C) activating SOS gene expression(D) Integration of a phage genome to bacterial chromosome

9. Which of the following enzymes uses RNA to synthesize DNA?(A) Klenow enzyme(B) RNA replicase(C) telomerase(D) Escherichia coli DNA polymerase IV

10. Which statement is not true for class I and III promoters in the eukaryotes?(A) For eukaryotic RNA polymerase III-dependent promoters (class III promoter), the TATA box is recognized by the general transcription factor TFIIIB.(B) For class I promoter in human, the core-binding factor SL1 is required to recruit RNA polymerase I.(C) TFIIIB acts as an assembly factor that binds to the internal promoter and helps TFIIIA to bind to a region just upstream of the transcription start site.(D) TFIIIA is required for transcription of the 5S rRNA genes, but not for the tRNA genes.(E) Although class I promoters are variable in sequence across species, they do contain the AT-rich initiator with a conserved sequence.

11. Please choose one wrong statement for the roles of different general transcription factors in eukaryotic RNA polymerases.(A) TATA-binding factor (TBP) is also required for transcription in the Archaea.(B) The TBP-associated factor 1 (TAF1) serves as an assembly factor around which other TAFs can aggregate and also contains a histone acetyltransferase activity.(C) TFIIB is a general transcription factor with its C-terminal domain to interact with RNA polymerase II and can determine the direction of transcription.(D) TBP-free TAF-containing complex (TFTC) can sponsor the formation of preinitiation complex of RNA polymerase II without the presence of TFIID.(E) The negative cofactor 2 (NC2) can stimulate RNA polymerase II-related gene transcription from downstream promoter element (DPE)-containing promoters.

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