56. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) A tool to assist in making complex decisions.
(B) A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions.
(C) Research on how people make decisions.
(D) Differences between long-range and short-range decision making.

(Google直接翻譯)

Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet.心理學領域的研究人員發現，做出重要決定（例如選擇上大學或投資企業）的最佳方法之一涉及使用決策工作表。 Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are.研究優化的心理學家將人們做出的實際決策與理論上的理想決策進行比較，以了解它們的相似程度。 Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions.工作表程序的支持者認為它會產生最優的，即最好的決策。 Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem.工作表要求以清晰簡潔的方式定義問題，然後列出問題的所有可能解決方案。 Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined.接下來，列出每個決策會影響的相關考慮因素，並確定每個考慮因素或後果的相對重要性。 Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance.每個考慮因素都分配了一個數值以反映其相對重要性。 A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together.通過將這些值加在一起以數學方式計算出決策。 The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.得分最高的備選方案成為最佳決策。

          Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages.由於大多數重要問題都是多方面的，因此有多種選擇可供選擇，每種選擇都有其獨特的優點和缺點。 One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decisionmaking procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember.紙筆決策程序的好處之一是，它允許人們處理比他們的頭腦通常能夠理解和記住的更多的變量。 On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once.平均而言，人們一次可以在腦海中保留大約七個想法。 A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships.當決策涉及大量具有復雜關係的變量時，工作表尤其有用。 A realistic example for many college students is the question "What will I do after graduation?"許多大學生的一個現實例子是“畢業後我會做什麼？”這個問題。 A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.畢業生可能會尋求提供專業培訓、攻讀高級學位或出國旅行一年的職位。 A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it.決策工作表以問題的簡潔陳述開始，這也有助於縮小問題範圍。 With an appropriate decision, a graduating student might revise the question above to "What will I do after graduation that will lead to successful career?".做出適當的決定後，即將畢業的學生可能會將上述問題修改為“畢業後我將做什麼來獲得成功的職業？”。