7) Which of the following is NOT an example of epigenetic regulation?
(A) Methylation of histones
(B) A point mutation of the enhancer regions
(C) Methylation of cytosines within promoter regions
(D) Binding of noncoding RNAs to promoter regions
(E) Conversion of heterochromatin to euchromatin

3) Which of the following sets of codons would you recognize as the end of the coding sequence within a genomic DNA sequence[i.e., they are "nonsense" (stop) codons] in humans and Escherichio coli? (A) AUG, UGA, UAA (B) TCA, TTA, CTA (C) ATG, ATC, ATA (D) UGA, UAA, UAG (E) TAG, TAA, TGA

複選題4) When an RNA gel is ran, two major bands appear in the gel (as arrows in the below photo). What are they? (A) mRNA (B)tRNA (C) rRNA (D) gRNA (E) XRNA 

5) A gene normally expresses a 150-amino acid-long protein. A point mutation occurs in the coding DNA of this protein, resulting in the production of an abnormal protein with 121 amino acids. What is this mutation type referred to as? (A) A silent mutation. (B) A nonsense mutation. (C) A missense mutation. (D) Conversion of a stop codon into Methionine codon. (E) Insertion of three nucleotides in the promoter region.

6) Which of the following experiments can be used to analyze RNA expression levels? (A) Southern blotting (B) Western blotting (C) Immuno-staining (D) Northern blotting (E) None of the above

8) In eukaryotes, which of the following general transcription factors binds to the TATA box? (A) TFIIA. (B) TFIIB. (C) TFIID. (D) TFIIE. (E) TFIIF.

9) If 3 restriction sites are cut in circular DNA, how many DNA fragments will be produced? (A) 1 (B)2 (C)3 (D) 4 (E) 5

10) To synthesis a small RNA like gRNA in a cell, what kind of RNA polymerase should be used? (A) DNA polymerase (B) RNA polymerase | (C) RNA polymerase HI (D) RNA polymerase III (E) All of above 接次頁

11) cDNA is synthesized from RNA by which enzyme? (A) DNA polymerase (B) DNA synthetase (C) DNA kinase (D) Reverse transcriptase (E) All of above

12) Which enzyme is known to play a role in cell death? (A) Caspase (B) phosphatase (C) DNA topoisomerase (D) Reverse transcriptase (E) All of above

13) At which pH is RNA most stable? (A) pH 3-4 (B) pH 4-5 (C) pH 5-6 (D) pH 7-8 (E) All of above