8. The Carnot cycle consists of
(A) two adiabatic processes and two isochoric processes
(B) two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes
(C) two isothermal processes and two adiabatic processes
(D) two isobaric processes and two isochoric processes

8. The Carnot cycle consists of (A) two adiabatic processes and two isochoric processes, (B) two isothermal processes and two isobaric processes, (C) two isothermal processes and two adiabatic processes, (D) two isobaric processes and two isochoric processes.

9. Solar radiation supplies approximately 1 kW/m² at the earth's surface. A 3 m x 2 m solar collector is used to heat water. If the required temperature rise is 40°C, what is the necessary flow rate of the water in kg/s? Assume the water absorbs 80% of the radiant energy. (A) 28.6 g/s (B) 35.75 g/s (C) 63.66 g/s (D) 79.58 g/s

10. Find the internal energy of one mole of diatomic ideal gas with rotation and vibration at 300 K. (A) 3.74 KJ (B) 6.24 KJ (C) 8.73 KJ (D) 12.56 KJ

11. A 50-g ice cube at 0°C melts (reversibly) to water at 0°C. What is the change in entropy of the ice and the universe respectively? (A) 61.2 J/K and -61.2 J/K (B) 61.2 J/K, 0 J/K (C) -61.2 J/K, 0 J/K (D) -61.2 J/K, 61.2 J/K

12. An electric hair dryer is rated at 1500 W at 110V. Calculate the maximum instantaneous power. (A) 1500 W (B) 2121 W (C) 3000 W (D) 3500 W

13. An electron moving at constant speed v in a circular orbit with radius r around the nucleus. What is the ratio of its magnetic dipole moment to its orbital angular momentum? (A) e/m (B) e/2m (C) -e/m (D) -e/2m

14. Suppose we use a Hall probe to measure the magnitude of a constant magnetic field. The Hall probe is a strip of copper with a height of 1 mm. We measure a voltage of 0.15 μV across the probe when we run a current 2 A through it. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field? (The density of copper is 8.96 g/cm3, and 1 mole of copper is 63.5 g and each copper atom has one conduction electron) (A) 0.5 T (B) 0.8T (C) 1.02 T (D) 2.1 T

15. A uniform electric field of 200 V/m is directed at 30° below the x axis, as shown in fig. 1. Find the changes in potential: Vb - Va. The coordinates are b = (2 cm, 3 cm) and a = (-2 cm, 0 cm). (A) -3.9 V (B) 3.9 V (C) -9.9 V (D) 9.9 V

16. Three parallel infinite sheets with charged densities are 2σ, -2σ and σ C/m² respectively and separate 2d and d, as shown in fig. 2. These sheets divide the space into four parts, I, II, III, and IV. Which two regions have the same electric field. (A) I and II (B) II and III (C) II and IV (D) I and III

17. A flat, circular coil of radius 4 cm carries a current of 1.3 A and produces a magnetic field of 4.9 Gauss at its center. How many turns does it have? (A) 12 (B) 24 (C) 36 (D) 48

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