8. Which of the following is not the derivatives of mesoderm in vertebrates?
(A) Skeletal systems
(B) Circulation and lymphatic systems
(C) Dermis of skin
(D) Adrenal cortex
(E) Thymus

4. What will happen when you trigger an action potential at each end of a very long axon? (A) Both action potentials will continue their transmissions to their respective distal ends. (B) The action potential starts close to the soma will transmit to the other end. (C) The action potential starts far away from the soma will transmit to the other end. (D) Two action potentials will merge into one action potential that subsequently transmits to the axon terminal in a larger amplitude. (E) Two action potentials will cancel each other around the middle of this axon.

5. Diapedesis occurs at: (A) vasa vasorum (B) arteries (C) capillaries (D) postcapillary venules (E) inferior vena cava

6. Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by (A) osmosis. (B) active transport. (C) pinocytosis. (D) passive transport. (E) receptor mediated endocytosis.

7.________helps the maintenance of membrane fluidly of animal cells in cold environments. (A) PIP2 (B) Glycerol (C) Cholesterol (D) Phospholipid (E) Fibronectin

9. The destination of ubiquitinated proteins in cytosol is__________. (A)lysosome (B)autophagosome (C) proteosome (D) spliceosome (E) peroxisome

10. Which of the following genotypes due to nondisjunction of sex chromosomes is lethal? (A)XXX (B)OY (C) XXY (D) XO (E) None of the above

11.What do hagfishes and lampreys have in common with the extinct conodonts? (A) Lungs (B) The jawless condition (C) Bony vertebrae (D) Their mode of feeding (E) Swim bladders

12. A polymerase chain reaction must have:I. DNA template II. DNA primersIII. RNA polymeraseIV. dNTPs V. DNA polymerase VI. RNA primers (A) I, II, III, IV (B) I, II, IV, V (C) I, III, IV, VI (D) I, II, V (E) I, IV, V, VI

13. The major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the human brain is__________. (A) acetylcholine (B) epinephrine (C) endorphin (D) nitric oxide (E) GABA

14. What do fungi and arthropods have in common? (A) Both groups are commonly coenocytic. (B) The haploid state is dominant in both groups. (C) Both groups are predominantly heterotrophs that ingest their food. (D) The protective coats of both groups are made of chitin. (E) Both groups have cell walls.