(四) Two of Africa’s COVID experts are leaving the continent. Is this a brain drain or gain for Africa?

三、中英文翻譯：（30 分） Translate the following passage into Chinese. Facebook has kept internal research secret for two years that suggests its Instagram app makes body image issues worse for teenage girls, according to a leak from the tech firm. Since at least 2019, staff at the company have been studying the impact of their product on its younger users’ states of mind. Their research has repeatedly found that it is harmful for a large proportion, and particularly teenage girls. Comprised of findings from focus groups, online surveys and diary studies in 2019 and 2020, the Instagram research shows for the first time how aware the company is of its product’s impact on the mental health of teenagers. And yet, in public, executives at Facebook, which has owned Instagram since 2012, have consistently downplayed its negative impact on teenagers.

四、英文新聞寫作：（30 分） Summarize the following news report in 100 words. If watching Squid Game means the prospect of playing red light, green light now fills you with nerve-shredding terror rather than fond childhood memories, you aren’t alone. The Korean thriller, which tells the story of debt-ridden people competing for a huge crash prize in a deadly series of children’s games, has become Netflix’s biggest ever series launch - streamed by 111 million users in its first 28 days. In doing so it knocked Bridgerton off the top spot, making clear that Korean dramas -K-dramas for short - have most certainly been given the green light by audiences worldwide. So, how can we understand this rise, and what are some of the other K-dramas to look out for if you’re a new convert? Squid Game’s breakthrough popularity marks the latest wave in a Korean culture tsunami that’s built throughout the west in recent years. The show joins K-pop artists such as BTS and Blackpink becoming household names in music, to films like Parasite and Minari upending Hollywood to achieve Oscars recognition and success. But the K-drama takeover is far from the overnight sensation it may first seem. Although they’ve only recently gripped worldwide audiences, K-dramas have been popular in Asia for decades. Increasing liberalisation throughout the country in the 90s saw huge amounts of money poured into the entertainment industry. As Japan battled economic decline and China rose, South Korean culture pounced - offering TV that was both more relatable than US shows and morally palatable to Beijing. Over the next decade it challenged Japanese might to become a new purveyor of Asian cool, with 20% of viewers in Japan watching 2003 drama Winter Sonata. A 2011 report by the Korean Culture and Information Service concluded: “In many Asian cities, Korean dramas seem to be influencing lifestyles and consumer behaviour, which speaks to their cultural appeal”.

(一)試決定早、晚班各層最佳的樣本配置率。 （10 分）

(二)在信賴度為 95%且誤差界限為 1 秒下，現欲估計作業員在面臨生產 線發生意外事件時的平均反應時間，需要調查多少位早、晚班作業 員？（10 分）

(三)若調查總費用的預算為 2,000 元，而每位作業員的調查成本是 35 元， 為使估計式的變異數最小，則需調查多少位早、晚班作業員才能達到 此目的。（5 分） 註： ；標準差約為全距的 1/4。

二、甲大學共有 12 個系，120 個班級，7,450 名學生。為了解學生的平均體 重，該校學務處隨機自全校中抽出 15 個班級，且對班級內的所有學生測 量體重。請問此次調查是採用那種抽樣方法？參數（parameter）為何？ 抽樣單位（sampling unit）為何？母體大小（population size）為何？樣本 大小（sample size）為何？（25 分）

三、某次資格考試共有 N 個考生報考，若考試分數大於 50 分即取得資格， 現欲了解此次考生取得資格的比例，遂自考生成績總表中抽出 n 個成績 計算以估計之。已知考生成績總表有 2 種形式：第一種是依考生准考證 的號碼列示，第二種是依考生成績的高低依序列示。試根據上述不同的 成績總表，說明適合採用何種抽樣方法來取得樣本，估計考生取得資格 的比例，並列出估計式。（25 分）

(一)若此資料是由 100 個運動據點中，以簡單隨機抽樣法抽出的 10 個運動 據點所得，試估計每位員工一天使用自家運動設備的平均時數。 （5 分）

(二)根據小題(一)，試估計該運動健身連鎖集團，員工一天使用自家運動設 備的總時數，並求算此總時數的 95%信賴區間。（10 分）

(三)因使用自家運動設備的總時數與員工人數有相關，若此資料是由 100 個運動據點中，以抽樣機率與大小成比例（sampling with probabilities proportional to size）的抽樣法抽出的 10 個運動據點所得，試估計每位 員工一天使用自家運動設備的平均時數。（10 分） 註：

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