(1) 錯誤記憶（false memory）

引自Psychology and Life by Richard J. Gerrig p.425

錯誤記憶：指的是個人經由心理治療的過程中，被暗示而引發出的錯誤記憶。Freud提出一項防衛機轉「潛抑」，有些人的生活經歷記憶對他們的心理健康構成了莫大的威脅，以至於個體將這些記憶從意識中排除。而精神分析師相信恢復被潛抑的記憶對個案來說有諸多益處，因而在治療過程中植入這樣的信念，並鼓勵個案尋找被潛抑的記憶。

這是從普心查到的錯誤記憶，不確定這題要問的錯誤記憶是哪方面 

引自APA心理學字典 https://dictionary.apa.org/false-memory

a distorted recollection of an event or, most severely, recollection of an event that never actually happened. False memories are errors of commission, because details, facts, or events come to mind, often vividly, but the remembrances fail to correspond to prior events. Even when people are highly confident that they are remembering “the truth” of the original situation, experimental evidence shows that they can be wrong. For example, one quarter of adults in a particular experiment who were told an untrue story about being lost in a mall as a child—ostensibly obtained from their family members—adopted the story, sometimes embellishing it with vivid sensory detail (e.g., the clothes that the rescuer was wearing). The phenomenon is of particular interest in legal cases, specifically those involving eyewitness memories and false memory syndrome (FMS), in which adults seem to recover memories of having been physically or sexually abused as children, with such recoveries often occurring during therapy. The label is controversial, as is the evidence for and against recovery of abuse memories; false memory syndrome is not an accepted diagnostic term, and some have suggested using the more neutral phrase recovered memory. Also called illusory memory; paramnesia; pseudomemory