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2022/08/05

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二、作文題（20 分） Directions: Write a well-organized essay in English with the length of approximately 200-250 words as your response to the passage below. Biotechnology has been highly developed over the past few decades. Meanwhile, it has raised many controversial ethical issues when it is applied to medicine, especially Xenotransplantation（異種動物間的器官移植）, namely the transfer of living cells, tissues and/or organs from non-human (animal) species into humans, although technically, it could be the other way around or between any two species. One of the reasons for such developments is a worldwide shortage of organs supply for clinical transplantation. Many people die when waiting for suitable organs to become available. To sum up, the development of xenotransplantation can be considered as serving several purposes: (1) to be a complete substitute for human organs; (2) to supplement human organs, thus easing the current organ shortage; (3) or to be a "bridge" organ before a "destination" organ can be found. Though xenotransplantation has great value to patients, besides its ethical controversies it thus raised, there are also high stakes for others concerned, such as scientists, the biotechnology industry and infectious disease specialists. Given the above-mentioned, do you agree to the practice of xenotransplantation if you become a practitioner of medicine?

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