2.何謂生態系的初級生產力(primaryproduction)、次級生產力(secondary production)?並說明如何量測水域生態系中的初級生產力?

3.escribe the basic principles of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, and explain how DNA repair pathways influenceexperimental outcomes in gene function studies.In addition, provide at least two examples of biomedical research or clinical applications of this technology. (5pt)