44. Which photosystem is responsible for water splitting?

8. A relativistic particle of mass M with total energy E decays into a lighter particle of mass m together with some other undetected particles. The particle m also decays afterwards. The proper lifetime of particle M is measured to be T and the proper lifetime of particle m is t. If half of the kinetic energy of particle M has been transmitted to particle m during this process, what are the flight distances of the particle M and of the particle m, from an observer at rest? 

二、簡答題41. What chemical bond results in the cohesion between water molecules?

42. What is the driving force for water movement within the plants?

43. What vascular tissues or cells contain this H³/sucrose symporter?

 (1) What is the "species richness" in these two communities?

(2) Which community has a higher level of diversity?

46. What is the evolved biological function of the CRISPR/Cas system in bacteria? How does the CRISPR/Cas system work in gene editing? 

47. Allopatric populations of two different Darwin's finches show similar beak morphology. However, there are signs of character displacement in sympatric populations of these two species. What does "character displacement" mean? What is the most likely driving force for character displacement?

21. Net primary production

22. Endemic species (特有種)