申論題

II. Examination Questions Design
( A ) Rewrite the passage in approximately 250 words, keeping the main ideas and key points while making it appropriate for 11th -grade students. Then, create a cloze test with five multiple-choice questions, each with four answer choices. Provide the correct answer for each question.
        The notion that consuming coffee immediately upon waking is detrimental has gained significant traction on social media. Wellness advocates and influencers often recommend delaying caffeine intake by 90 to 120 minutes after waking to mitigate the purported risks of an afternoon energy slump and enhance sleep quality. This practice is sometimes hailed as a transformative strategy for optimizing energy levels. However, it is essential to scrutinize these claims through the lens of scientific evidence.
        To critically evaluate this assertion, it is crucial to comprehend the physiological mechanisms underlying caffeine's effects on the human body. Throughout the day, the brain synthesizes adenosine, a neurotransmitter that induces somnolence by binding to specific receptors. Caffeine functions as an adenosine receptor antagonist, thereby enhancing alertness by blocking these receptors.
        Notably, caffeine's effects are not instantaneous. Dr. Michael Grandner, Director of the Sleep and Health Research Program at the University of Arizona, notes that it typically requires 20 to 30 minutes for caffeine to reach the brain and exert its effects. The duration of these effects varies significantly among individuals, primarily due to genetic variability in caffeine metabolism.
        One rationale for postponing caffeine consumption is predicated on the fluctuations in adenosine levels. Given that adenosine concentrations naturally diminish during sleep, they are at their nadir upon waking. The theoretical underpinning is that consuming coffee immediately after waking may yield a less pronounced stimulatory effect compared to waiting until adenosine levels have increased.
        Dr. Grandner acknowledges the validity of this rationale and personally adopts a delay of 30 to 60 minutes before consuming his first cup of coffee. However, it is crucial to note that there is no universally accepted scientific consensus regarding the optimal timing for caffeine intake, as individual preferences play a significant role. Another potential justification for delaying caffeine intake is for individuals who limit themselves to a single cup per day. By postponing consumption until later in the morning, they may potentially prolong the effects of caffeine into the afternoon, thereby mitigating the likelihood of a mid-day energy decline.
        In reality, there is a dearth of robust scientific evidence to support the notion that consuming coffee immediately upon waking is detrimental or that delaying it confers substantial benefits. Dr. Marilyn Cornelis, a prominent caffeine researcher at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, underscores that caffeine's effects are highly variable among individuals, with some metabolizing it rapidly and others experiencing more prolonged effects.
        For individuals experiencing afternoon energy fluctuations, adjusting caffeine intake may be beneficial, but delaying morning coffee consumption is not the sole solution. Factors such as sleep quality, dietary habits, and hydration status play a more significant role in maintaining consistent energy levels throughout the day.
       The notion that consuming coffee immediately upon waking is inherently detrimental is more akin to a social media trend than a scientifically substantiated fact. While delaying caffeine intake may be beneficial for certain individuals, it is not a universally applicable principle. If you derive satisfaction from your morning coffee immediately upon waking, there is no compelling scientific rationale to alter this routine.