申論題

VI. Test Design: Reading Comprehension 
    According to the following passage, make FIVE questions for a READING test. Each question needs to include FOUR multiple choices and please   Underline the CORRECT answer   for each question. Among the five questions,   THREE of the questions are multiple choices  , each with only ONE correct answer.   TWO of the questions are MIXED questions  . Charts, graphs, diagrams, pictures or other
forms of statements can be used in the questions to test students’ reading comprehension. The test is targeted for the grade TEN and
ELEVEN students.
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    Sabrina started working for a male-dominated restaurant business two years ago. At first, even though she wasn’t a manager, she tried her best to help out with all the managerial work. She created staff schedules, opened up first in the morning, locked up at closing time,made deposits at the bank, waited tables, and even trained new employees. When an official managerial position became available five months later, she therefore felt confident enough to ask for a promotion. Her general manager’s shocking reply, however, was that “women make terrible managers.” Sabrina was just another victim of the “glass ceiling” effect. Sadly, many working women have, in one way or another, suffered from this subtle form of discrimination.
    In the past, it was common for women who had reached childbearing age to be considered less motivated and less disciplined than male employees or older females. This created an imperceptible but very real barrier to a female employee’s career advancement. Like an invisible lid or shield, this “glass ceiling” resisted the efforts of women to reach the top ranks of management in major corporations. To
make matters worse, the see-through nature of the obstacle meant that women were constantly reminded of the opportunities they were missing out on.
    Nowadays, these long-standing, unconscious gender prejudices continue to keep this glass ceiling in place. Though patterns of employment, and society itself, may have changed a lot, many people don’t realize just how pervasive this glass ceiling still is, even decades into the 21th century. In many cases, this type of gender discrimination has, over time, become a systemic problem, an inherent
part of company culture that organizations simply turn a blind eye to.
    Fortunately, there are also many companies and activists that are trying their best to ensure change. Thanks to new laws and greater awareness of the issue, many employers have been unable to blatantly discriminate against women. In addition, working women these days also try to break down the barriers by changing organizations with regard to unfair treatment. This can lead to discussion about professional areas where ceilings often exist, such as recruitment, skill assessment, pay gaps and promotion practices, and thus can also inspire reform.Empowered, modern female professionals who fall victim to a glass ceiling are also more likely to explore career alternatives.
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