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20. An electron has been accelerated by a potential difference of 100 V. If its position is known to have an uncertainty of 1 nm, what is the percent uncertainty (ΔP/P) × 100% of the electron? (A) 1% (B) 8% (C) 10% (D) >>10% (E) 5%

19. Frank says that quantum mechanics does not apply to baseballs because they do not jump from quantum state to quantum state when being thrown. Francine agrees with him. She says that there is no uncertainty in a baseball's position or momentum. Are they correct, or not, and why? (A) They are correct because the first excited state of a baseball is at a higher energy that any baseball ever receives. Therefore, we cannot determine whether or not there is uncertainty in its position or momentum. (B) They are correct because the first excited state of a baseball is at a higher energy that any baseball ever receives. Therefore, its position and momentum are completely uncertain until it is caught. (C) They are wrong because the baseball goes through so many quantum states in being thrown that we cannot observe the transitions. The uncertainties in its position and momentum are too small to observe. (D) They are wrong because the baseball goes through so many quantum states in being thrown that we cannot observe the transitions. Because of the number of transitions its position and momentum are completely uncertain until it is caught. (E) Quantum mechanics states that they are correct as long as they do not make any observations, but wrong as soon as they begin to make observations.

18. A spaceship from another galaxy passes over the solar system directly above a radial line from the Sun to the Earth. (We measure that distance to be 1.5 × 10¹¹ m.) On Earth, the spaceship is observed to be traveling at a speed of 0.80c, for which γ = 5/3. As measured on Earth it takes the spaceship 625 seconds to travel from the Sun to Earth. When a scientist in the spaceship measures the Earth-sun distance and the time it takes her to travel that distance, she finds the results are, respectively, (A) 1.5 × 10¹¹ m; 625 s. (B) 9.0 × 10¹⁰ m; 625 s. (C) 9.0 × 10¹⁰ m; 375 s. (D) 2.5 × 10¹¹ m; 625 s. (E) 2.5 × 10¹¹ m; 1042 s.

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X 為某地方自治團體公有零售市場攤位使用人,Y 為該地方自治團體市公所。X 與Y 簽訂公有市場零售攤位租賃契約,於該契約書中約定如下: 1. 使用期間屆滿,X 有優先承租權,但須於契約屆滿前6 個月申請繼續使用並簽訂契約,否則X 即須無條件將攤位交還與Y。 2. X 應繳納使用費每月新臺幣5,000 元。使用費之收費標準得由Y訂定及調整,並列舉調整原因通知X 繳納。逾期繳納者,每逾2 日按所滯納金額之1%加徵滯納金,滯納金加徵金額不得超過應繳納使用費之15%。 3. 市場若有下列情形之一者,Y 應於3 個月前辦理公告,公告期間屆滿後,X 應於通知期限內無條件遷離市場,並停止繳納使用費:⑴政策需要、⑵城鄉改造、⑶已無市場商業機能、⑷其他不可抗力因素致無法繼續使用。 X 與Y 簽訂上開攤位租賃契約後,於契約有效期間,Y 因政策需要 及都市計畫整體開發所需,乃辦理該契約中所約定之公告,並於公告 屆滿後函文通知X 於契約期滿後不再續約。請依相關法規、司法實 務及主要學說分析:X 與Y 所簽訂之攤位租賃契約之法律性質為何? Y 對X 所作之函文通知,其法律性質為何?X 如對Y 之函文通知不 服,應循何種程序進行救濟?

描述:此案例涉及公有市場攤位租賃契約的法律性質、地方自治團體的公權力行使,以及承租人對政策變更所造成影響的...

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