110年 - 110亞洲大學_學士後招生考試_獸醫學系︰生物化學#100302

1. Arginine has the following pKa values: pK1 = 2.17, pK2 = 9.04, pKR = 12.48 Give the net charge of arginine at pH = 4 and 7 (A) +1 and +1 (B) 0 and 0 (C) 0 and +1 (D) +2 and +1

2. Which amino acid is NOT hydrophobic? (A) Tryptophan (B) Tyrosine (C) Proline (D) Isoleucine

3. Aspartic acid has the following pKa values: pK1 = 2.1, pK2 = 9.8, pKR = 3.9 Which is the isoelectric point of aspartic acid? (A) 3.0 (B) 5.95 (C) 6.85 (D) 5.27

4. Which protein structure provides strength to connective tissues? (A) Hemoglobin (B) Collagen (C) Albumin (D) Gamma globulin

5. Which protein is required for protein folding? (A) Alpha globulin (B) Beta globulin (C) Chaperone (D) Isomerase

6. Which protein is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease? (A) Albumin (B) Amyloid (C) Hemoglobin (D) Myoglobin

7. Which iron state of heme can bind oxygen reversibly? (A) (B) (C) (D) None of above

8. Which subunit of hemoglobin has a single amino acid substitution (Glu6 to Val6) that causes Sickle cell anemia? (A) Alpha (B) Beta (C) Gamma (D) Delta

9. Which ion released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum can stimulate muscle contraction? (A) (B) (C) (D)

10. Which amino acid of glycogen phosphorylase is phosphorylated at its hydroxyl group for activation? (A) Tyrosine (B) Threonine (C) Serine (D) Homoserine

11. By which enzyme cleavage isπ-chymotrypsin generated? (A) Papain (B) Trypsin (C) Casein (D) Enteropeptidase

12. Which description of the “Michaelis-Menten equation” is NOT correct? (A) (B) (C) High values of correspond to low enzyme affinity for substrate (D) High value of [S] correspond to high enzyme affinity for substrate

13. Which of the following carbohydrates are reducing? a. Starch； b. Cellulose； c. Fructose； d. Sucrose； e. Ribose (A) ab (B) bc (C) de (D) ce

14. Which of the following carbohydrates are non-reducing? a. Glucose； b. Fructose； c. α-Methyl-D-glucoside； d. Lactose； e. Sucrose (A) ab (B) cd (C) ce (D) bc

15. In glucosamine, at which carbon’s hydroxyl group of the parent compound is replaced with an amino group? (A) C-1 (B) C-2 (C) C-3 (D) C-4

16. Which clinical parameter can be used for monitoring diabetes? (A) Myoglobin glycation (B) Hemoglobin glycation (C) Albumin glycation (D) Alpha-globulin glycation

17. Provide the RNA transcription product for the following DNA sequence: 5’-AGGGGCCGTTATCGTT-3’ (A) 5’-AACGATAACGGCCCCT-3’ (B) 5’-AGGGGCCGUUAUCGUU-3’ (C) 5’-AACGAUAACGGCCCCU-3’ (D) 5’-UUCGAUAACGGCCCCU-3’

18. With more of which base-pair content will a DNA sample be stable? (A) GC (B) AT (C) AU (D) GT

19. Which form of DNA is the most stable structure under physiological conditions? (A) A form (B) B form (C) C form (D) Z form

20. In which part of an animal cell can we find RNA? (A) Nucleus (B) Cytoplasm (C) Mitochondria (D) All of above

21. What does “SNP” mean? (A) A genomic base-pair change that helps distinguish one species from another (B) A type of genetic recombination that occurs only at specific sequences (C) A superfamily of N proteins (D) An RNA hybridization procedure

22. What is a “Haplotype”? (A) A set of DNA variations that tend to be inherited together on a chromosome (B) A set of genotypes on homologous chromosome pairs in the population (C) A set of phenotypes on a chromosome in the population (D) A set of all DNA variations on both chromosomes

23. What is a “cDNA library”? (A) A collection of peptide fragments derived from the genomic DNA in an organism or cell type under a defined set of conditions. (B) A collection of complementary DNA fragments derived from the complement of tRNA expressed in a particular organism or cell type under a defined set of conditions. (C) A collection of cloned DNA fragments derived from the complement of mRNA expressed in a particular organism or cell type under a defined set of conditions. (D) A collection of cloned RNA fragments derived from the complement strand of a particular DNA in an organism or cell type under a defined set of conditions.

24. In which organism can we find the “Restriction modification system”? (A) Bacteria (B) Viruses (C) Animals (D) All of above

25. How many fatty acid molecules does a triacylglycerol have? (A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) None of above

26. Which description of omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids is correct? (A) A double bond between C-2 and C-3 (relative to the ω carbon) (B) A double bond between C-3 and C-4 (relative to the ω carbon) (C) Two double bonds between C-2, C-3 and C-4 (relative to the ω carbon) (D) None of above

27. Which description of eicosapentaenoic acid , is correct? (A) An omega-3 fatty acid (B) An omega-5 fatty acid (C) A saturated fatty acid (D) None of above

28. Which description of “lipase” is correct? (A) Catalyzing the hydrolysis of unsaturated fatty acids (B) Catalyzing the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol (C) Catalyzing the hydrolysis of saturated fatty acids (D) All of above

29. Which description of Sphingomyelins is NOT correct? (A) An amphipathic molecule (B) The polar region containing ester and amide is hydrophilic (C) The hydrocarbon tail is hydrophobic (D) None of above

30. By which cellular component are gangliosides degraded? (A) Endoplasmic reticulum (B) Peroxisome (C) Lysosome (D) None of above

31. Which phospholipase is responsible for the hydrolysis of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate (PIP₂) to release inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG)? (A) Phospholipase A (B) Phospholipase B (C) Phospholipase C (D) None of above

複選題
32. Which description of prostaglandins (PG) is correct? (A) PGE₂ and other series 2 prostaglandins are synthesized from arachidonate. (B) Series 2 prostaglandins are derived from EPA. (C) Some PGs trigger dilation of the smooth muscle of the uterus during menstruation and labor. (D) None of above

33. Which description of “Tumor suppressor genes” is correct? (A) Encode proteins that normally restrain cell division. (B) Mutation in one or more of these genes can lead to tumor formation. (C) Rb and p53 are tumor repressor genes. (D) All of above

34. Which description of “Apoptosis signaling” is correct? (A) Caspase 8 plays a pivotal role in the intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. (B) Caspase 9 plays a pivotal role in the extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. (C) The release of cytochrome c initiates the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. (D) None of above

35. Which description of Apc (adenomatous polyposis coli) gene is NOT correct? (A) A tumor suppressor gene (B) Mutation of Apc results in the formation of colon polyps or colorectal cancers. (C) Apc mutation in mice may result in severe anemia. (D) None of above

36. Which enzyme can allosterically regulate glycolysis? (A) Hexokinase (B) Phosphofructokinase-1 (C) Pyruvate kinase (D) All of above

37. Which description of glycogen synthesis is NOT correct? (A) Glycogen synthesis mainly happen in the liver. (B) Glycogen synthesis required glycogen phosphorylase and branching enzyme. (C) Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to glucose-1-phosphate by phosphoglucomutase. (D) The substrate for glycogen synthesis is UDP-glucose.

38. Which description of gluconeogenesis is NOT correct? (A) Glucose molecules are synthesized from non-carbohydrate precursors. (B) The reaction of gluconeogenesis is totally the reverse of glycolysis. (C) Fructose-1,6-bispohosphate is converted to fructose-6-phosphate by fructose bisphosphate phosphatase. (D) Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to glucose by Glucose-6-phosphatase.

39. Which description of acetyl-CoA is correct? (A) Pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle. (B) Acetyl-CoA cannot be transported directly across the mitochondrial membrane. (C) During the citric acid cycle, acetyl-CoA transfers its acetyl group to oxaloacetate to form citrate. (D) All of above

40. Glutamine is degraded to form , CO₂ and H₂O. How many molecules of ATP can be generated from 1 mole of glutamine? (assuming that each NADH yields 2.5 ATP and each FADH₂ yields 1.5 ATP)? (A) 23.5 (B) 25.5 (C) 27.5 (D) 30