24.下列何者與其他各項的關係最遠？
(A) transduction
(B) conjugation
(C) induction
(D) transposition
(E) transformation

25.下列有關藻類的生活史 (algal life cycles) 何者為真？ (A) They are all very similar. (B) Some have alternating haploid and diploid generations. (C) They all have flagellated sperm. (D) None of the algal groups have characteristics similar to land plants. (E) The can be described as photoheterotrophs.

26.珊瑚 (corals) 與下列何者親緣最近？ (A) jellyfish (B) freshwater hydras (C) sea anemones (D) sponges (E) comb jellies

27.有關人類的演化，下列何者為真？ (A) The ancestors of Homo sapiens were chimpanzees and other apes. (B) Human evolution has proceeded in an orderly fashion from an ancestral anthropoid to Homo sapiens. (C) The evolution of upright posture and enlarged brain occurred simultaneously. (D) Different features have evolved at different times. (E) Mitochondrial DNA analysis indicates that modern humans are genetically very similar to Neanderthals.

28.海洋中，下列叩個部份具有最低的初級生產量 (primary productivity, photosynthesis)？ (A) pelagic (B) abyssal (C) neritic (D) estuary (E) intertidal

29.下列哪一項計算需要用到生命表 (life tables)？I. carrying capacity II. mortality III. The fate of a cohort of newborn organisms throughout their lives. (A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and III only (E) II and III only

30.下列何者為趨同演化 (convergent evolution) 的例子？ (A) the exoskeleton of a spider and the exoskeleton of an insect (B) the digging front legs of a mole and the digging front legs of a mole cricket (C) the wings of a monarch butterfly and the wings of a luna moth (D) the tadpole stage of a frog and the tadpole stage of a salamander (E) the stinging hairs of a sea anemone and the stinging hairs of a jellyfish

31.什麼是 mycorrhizae？ (A) the fruiting bodies of basidiomycetes (B) mutualistic associations of plant roots and fungi (C) the pores in fungi that allow ribosomes, mitochondria, and cell nuclei to flow from cell to cell (D) the horizontal hyphae that spread out over food (E) asexual structures formed by deuteromycetes

32.真菌 (fungi) 與節肢動物 (arthropods) 的共同處為： (A) Both groups are commonly coenocytic. (B) The haploid state is dominant in both groups. (C) Both groups are predominantly saprobic in nutrition. (D) Both groups use chitin for the construction of protective coats. (E) Both groups have cell walls.

33.一棵植物主要經由下列何者吸取水分和礦物質？ (A) taproots (B) root hairs (C) the thick parts of the roots near the base of the stem (D) storage roots (E) sections of the root that have secondary xylem

34.下列哪一具有功能的植物細胞沒有細胞核？ (A) xylem (B) sieve tube cells only (C) companion cells only (D) both companion and parenchyma cells (E) both xylem and sieve tube cells

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