35. What can we infer from the passage?
(A) Life in Flagstaff, Arizona is easy and relaxing.
(B) Air pollution in cities is a serious matter.
(C) Scientists have discovered ways to purify the exhaust.
(D) People in Los Angeles eat a lot of natural foods.

▲閱讀下文，回答第 36 – 40 題
These days, health specialists are promoting the idea of fitness for everybody. Fitness means
good health or physical condition, especially as the result of exercise and proper nutrition. One
individual may need fewer calories than another, depending on metabolism. Some people might
prefer easier exercise to more strenuous exercise. Understanding the needs of your own body is the
key. Even though no one can be sure of avoiding chronic diseases, poor diet can definitely ruin
good health. With the change of your eating habits, you can reduce the damage or lower the risk of
disease.

Poor eating habits, such as eating too much junk food, might result in having extra kilograms.
Although gaining a few extra kilograms doesn’t always mean you are overweight, it can be hazardous
to your health. Unlike the muscle-bound athletes, for most people, the kilograms they are packing
are fat, instead of muscle. Extra kilograms can decrease your life expectancy while increasing the
risk of health problems, such as high blood pressure, heart enlargement, high blood cholesterol
levels, heart attacks, adult-onset diabetes, colon and prostate cancers in men; and breast and uterine
cancers in women, and osteoarthritis.
For a typical adult who would like to know whether they have excessive body weight, the
body mass index (BMI) is the best indicator. The BMI is a common measure expressing the ratio of
weight to height. It is a statistical measurement comparing an individual’s weight and height.
Because measuring and calculating one’s BMI is an easy task for most people, it is currently the
most widely used diagnostic tool to identify weight problems within a population, including
underweight, overweight and obesity. With this simple formula — an individual’s body weight
divided by the square of his height — he can calculate if he should drop a few kilograms or not. For
example, a person weighing 55 kilograms, with a height of 1.65 meters, would have a healthy BMI
of 20.2 [55/(1.65)2 =20.2]. For adults, a BMI ranging from 18.5 to 24.9 is considered normal. If
your BMI is between 25 and 29.9, you are overweight, while anyone with a BMI of 30 or more is
considered obese.
Good health is not something you are able to buy at any drugstore. You cannot depend on
getting it back just with a quick visit to the doctor when you are sick, either. Instead, you should do
exercise on a regular basis and keep a balanced diet if you want to have good physical condition.
You are the one who is responsible to make your body last without major problems. Mistreating
your system by keeping bad eating habits, neglecting symptoms of illnesses, and ignoring common
health rules can indeed counteract the best medical care.

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37. The word strenuous in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ____________. (A) tough (B) exciting (C) diversified (D) stressful

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38. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE? (A) Gaining more weight does not always mean you are overweight, but this might be dangerous to your health. (B) Overweight or obese people are more likely to have health problems like high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol levels, heart attacks, etc. (C) Eating more vitamins, taking more medicine and going to the doctor more often are the best ways to keep one’s health. (D) Weight problems include not only overweight and obesity, but also underweight.

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39. According to the passage, which of the following about the BMI is NOT TRUE? (A) As an adult, if you are with a BMI of 28.5, you are considered overweight, and if your BMI is 32, you are obese. (B) By calculating his or her BMI, an adult will know whether he or she has health problems. (C) It is easy to measure and calculate the BMI, so people use it to find out their weight problems. (D) To calculate and measure your BMI, you need to provide both your weight and height.

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40. According to the passage, what will happen if people change their bad eating habits? (A) They can be sure of avoiding chronic diseases. (B) They can receive the best medical care. (C) They can indeed drop a few kilograms. (D) They can decrease the risk of health problems. ▲閱讀下文，回答第 41 – 45 題 Animal testing is regarded as the foundation of scientific research and treatment of disease. It is the use of animals in scientific experimentation. Statistics show that in laboratories run by either industry or government, 50 to 100 million animals are used and killed every year. The public, however, has raised an outcry over these deaths, and started the animal rights movement after they read vivid reports of cruelty. The documents they have compiled include cases in which dogs were exposed to radiation or chemicals until they bled from the mouth or monkeys were isolated in steel tanks for 45 days due to the experimental purposes. Although scientists argue that such incidents are unusual cases, laws have been passed to regulate the animal experimentation. These days, many research centers have formed committees to review all animal experiments proposed by the researchers. Besides, computers are used to replace animals in many experiments. Scientists, however, point out that they need animals to test new drugs and treatments in order to make sure they are safe for human beings. So far, animal experiments have produced vaccines or treatments for diseases like diabetes, and techniques used in heart surgery. To protect the animals from cruel treatment, animal rights activists have vowed to do whatever they can to protect the animals, and their efforts finally have been paid off. The animal rights movement has achieved some successes. Some countries have passed laws to prohibit pounds, places that accept dogs and cats without homes, from selling animals to research laboratories. Scientists claim that the cost of their research will increase, as a result. Although the question about how to strike a balance between humane treatment of living things and advances in disease treatment has not been solved, one thing for sure is that there will be more restrictions placed on the use of animals in scientific experiments.

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41. What is the main idea of the passage? (A) Animal experiments play a significant role in scientific research. (B) Fewer kinds of animals should be taken to laboratories. (C) Scientific experiments can be carried out without animals. (D) The public are questioning the use of animals in experiments.

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42. According to the passage, animal experiments will probably continue because ____________. (A) there will be enough regulations to protect animals from being abused (B) scientists insist they are harmless, and animals will receive more humane treatment (C) they play a critical role in understanding and curing human diseases (D) the animal rights group that opposes them is not very big or powerful

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43. According to the passage, what should the animal rights activists do to make their movement more convincing? (A) They should provide more examples of animals that were mistreated in research laboratories. (B) They should point out all the diseases that have been cured by scientists conducting animal experiments. (C) They should negotiate with the laboratories conducting scientific tests to reduce the animal experiments. (D) They should make efforts to save more stray dogs and cats on the streets, and send them to the pounds.

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44. The phrase raised an outcry in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____________. (A) caused people to cry over something (B) caused sad feelings (C) caused a protest (D) caught people’s attention

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45. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about the animal rights movement? (A) Animal rights activists are trying different approaches to accomplish their goals. (B) The animal rights movement is supported mostly by people who dislike scientists. (C) Animal rights activists are more interested in protecting dogs than any other animals. (D) Animal rights activists are not very successful in passing laws to protect animals. ▲閱讀下文，回答第 46 – 50 題 Is vitamin E the key to good health — preventing cancer, heart disease, and ulcers, relieving the pain of arthritis, as well as producing glowing skin, good eyesight, and other benefits? Studies have yielded contradictory findings and so far no scientific proof has been possible for any of these claims. Vitamin E is present mostly in nuts, seeds, vegetable oils, whole grains, and leafy vegetables. Broccoli, tomato sauce, red peppers, carrots, and some fish are also good sources. Some vitamin E is lost in the cooking process, but not a really significant amount. According to critics of “vitamin medicine,” anyone who eats a good balanced diet has no need for vitamin E supplements. In animals, shortage of vitamin E causes sudden and obvious changes. Chickens deprived of vitamin E develop muscular weakness. Calves whose diets contain inadequate amounts of vitamin E develop heart disease. Rats that are deprived of vitamin E develop liver degeneration. Nor do they grow as quickly as healthy rats. But in humans, with one exception, there are no symptoms of any kind connected with a vitamin E deficiency. Premature infants who lack proper amounts of vitamin E sometimes develop anemia or skin rashes, but any symptoms caused by this deficiency in adult humans are either too insignificant to appear in normal tests or are simply nonexistent. A study followed subjects who maintained low vitamin E diets for six years and discovered no effects of the diets on the subjects at all. People including researchers, hold markedly different beliefs about vitamin E supplements. Some doctors take vitamin E, but don’t recommend it for their patients. Some do the reverse. Some experts think there have been too many vitamin E studies and say it’s time to quit expecting health benefits. Others say nearly all the research has been flawed and recommend starting afresh using even higher doses of vitamin E or different forms of it. The supplements industry has, of course, continued to urge people to take vitamin E supplements. However, experts say that the use and intake of vitamin E has traditionally been thought of in terms of overt vitamin E deficiency. Much less research has been done on the levels that can help create optimum health. This issue is of special importance with modern populations that have very different diets, activity levels and increased life span. You can add vitamin E pills to your morning routine if you like, but the simple fact is that almost everyone who eats a balanced diet is extremely unlikely to have a vitamin E deficiency. Thus, there is no plausible benefit to vitamin E supplementation for general health or wellness.

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