36. Coronavirus belongs to which kind of virus?
(A)dsDNA virus
(B) ssDNA virus
(C) dsRNA virus
(D)ssRNA virus - RNA serves as mRNA
(E)ssRNA virus - RNA serves as template for DNA synthesis

32. From the media, we have encountered news of scientists used a phylogenetic tree to represent the evolution of SARS-Cov2 virus genomes. Which kind of information could not be extracted from this phylogenetic tree? (A)The time of a certain strain of virous have evolved. (B) The current and historical events of diversification of the virus strains. (C) The possible number of mutations accumulated in a year. (D)The relatedness and the genetic distance of one strain to another. (E)The functional change of a mutation.

33. Which one below does not maintain and/or increase the genetic variation within a human population? (A)Mutation (B) Sexual reproduction (C) Gene duplication (D)Genetic drift (E)Recombination

34. In a lake of South Africa, a group of fish evolved into different species due to the change of the shape of their lower jaws so they could prey on different types of prey. Which term best describes this pattern of speciation? (A)Sympatric speciation (B) Allopatric speciation (C) Parapatric speciation (D)Polyploidy speciation (E)Speciation after hybridization

35. After genomic research, scientists found the mitochondria and plastids in the eukaryotic cells contain the external genomic fragments that were not belong to the nucleic genome.Which one is incorrect about the currently known knowledge about the origins of these two organelles? (A)The process is including mitochondria and plastids was termed endosymbiosis. (B) The plastids were included in the eukaryotic cells before mitochondria. (C) The interaction between mitochondria and the host cell is mutualism. (D)The origin of mitochondria was aerobic bacteria. (E)The origin of plastids was photosynthetic bacteria.

37. Glycoproteins on the viral envelope is important part when a virus infects a cell because it binds to a specific receptor on the cell membrane so the viral genome could get into the cell. In which step/cell part the glycoprotein was produced in the life cycle of an RNA virus? (A)Viral genome serves as template for synthesis of complementary RNA strand / in cytosol (B) Viral genome serves as template for synthesis of complementary RNA strand/ in ER (C) Viral genome serves as mRNA for translation / in Golgi apparatus (D)Viral genome serves as mRNA for translation / in ER (E)Viral genome serves as mRNA for translation / in Golgi apparatus

38. Staphylococcus aureus could cause mild infection to life threatening illness for humnan. Which group of bacteria that it belongs to? (A)Gram-positive bacteria(B)Gram-negative bacteria (C) Cyanobacteria (D)Spirochetes (E)Proteobacteria

39. Which one below is not a vascular plant? (A)Gymnosperms (B) Angiosperms (C) Ferns (D)Lycophytes (E)Mosses

複選題40. In animal embryo development, what is the fate of the blastopore? (A) It became part of the neural tube. (B) It became the mouth. (C) It became the anus. (D)It became the esophagus. (E)It became the coclom.

41. In all invertebrates, which group holds the most diversity (has the highest number of species)? (A)Gastrotricha (B) Nemertea (C) Arthropoda (D)Mullusca (E)Nematoda

42. After a long research about the "warm-blooded"' animals (birds and mammals), the scientists found that they were not evolved from a common ancestor. Which animal group is most closely related to birds in the history of life? (A)Turtles (B) Saurischian dinosaurs (C) Lizards (D)Crocodile (E)Snakes