36. What is the path (left to right) of urine from formation to excretion in the mammalian kidney?
(A)collecting duct   renal pelvis   ureter   urinary bladder   urethra
(B)renal pelvis   ureter   urinary bladder urethra   collecting duct
(C)ureter   collectingduct   renal pelvis   urinarybladder   urethra
(D)collecting duct   ureter   urinary bladder   renal pelvis   urethra
(E)urethra   collecting duct   renal pelvis   ureter   urinary bladder

32. In muscle function at the sarcomere level, the formation of cross-bridges is regulated by the binding of ____ ions to ______. (A) calcium, troponin (B) calcium, tropomyosin (C)calcium, myosin (D) sodium, troponin (E) sodium, tropomyosin

33. Imagine a red blood cell leaving the right ventricle of your heart. To which chamber of the heart will that cell return first? (A) right atrium (B) right ventricle (C) left atrium (D) left ventricle (E) impossible to say from information given

34. What is the correct sequence (left to right) of structures through which air passes through on the way into the mammalian lung? (A) pharynx   larynx   trachea   bronchi   bronchioles   alveoli (B) larynx   pharynx   trachea   bronchi   bronchioles   alveoli (C) pharynx   trachea   larynx   bronchi    bronchioles   alveoli (D) bronchi   bronchioles   pharynx   larynx   trachea   alveoli (E) alveoli   bronchioles   bronchi   trachea   larynx   pharynx

35. What is the correct rank order for relative toxicity (most to least) of the primary nitrogenous wastes generated by different animals? (A)ammonia   urea   uric   acid (B)uricacid   ammonia   urea (C)urea   uric   acid   ammonia (D)ammonia   uric   acid   urea (E)urea   ammonia   uric   acid

37. Parathyroid hormone's main function is to (A) increase glucose mobilization during stress or fasting. (B) increase calcium by mobilizing the ion from bone. (C) increase sodium through reabsorption from kidney. (D) increase insulin-like growth factor I and linear body growth. (E) synergize with thyroid hormone in various functions.

38. Which of these gland-hormone pairs is mismatched? (A) pancreas-insulin (B) anterior pituitary-growth hormone (C) thyroid-thyroid hormone (D) adrenal-parathyroid hormone (E) ovaries-progesterone

39. Which of these hormone-effect pairs is mismatched? (A) growth hormone-linear growth (B) glucagon-blood pressure (C) aldosterone-blood osmolality (D) thyroid hormone-metabolism (E) glucagon-glucose regulation

40. What cell is haploid? (A) oogonium (B) zygote (C) primary oocyte (D) ovum (E) spermatogonium

41. Which of the choices lists the three phases of the ovarian cycle in the correct order? (A) follicular, luteal, ovulation (B) follicular, proliferative, secretory (C) luteal, ovulation, secretory (D) follicular, ovulation, luteal (E) luteal, secretory, ovulation

42. Which event of fertilization occurs first? (A) fast block to polyspermy (B) the entry of sperm DNA into the egg (C) the slow block to polyspermy (D) the acrosomal reaction (E) the cortical reaction