55. Choose the correct match of glial cell type and function.
(A) Oligodendrocytes produce the myelin sheaths of myelinated neurons in the peripheral nervous system.
(B) Schwann cells provide nutritional support to non-myelinated neurons.
(C) Radial glia is the source of immunoprotection against pathogens.
(D) Astrocytes metabolize neurotransmitters and modulate synaptic effectiveness.
(E) None of the above.

51. What listed below can NOT lead to speciation? (A) Allopatric distribution of two populations (B) Sexual selection among phenotypes (C) Panmictic population (D) Polyploidy of the local species (E) Hybridization of two species

52. During the history of the Earth, what is the time sequence of originations (from old to young) of the animals below? (A) trilobites, dragonflies, reptiles, dinosaurs, primates (B) trilobites, reptiles, dragonflies, dinosaurs, primates (C) trilobites, dragonflies, dinosaurs, reptiles, primates (D) dragonflies, trilobites, reptiles, dinosaurs, primates (E) dragonflies, trilobites, dinosaurs, reptiles, primates

53. What is correct about the haploid or diploid of the cells during human gametogenesis? (A) Spermatogonium is haploid. (B) Primary spermatocyte is haploid. (C) Oogonium is haploid. (D) Primary oocyte is haploid. (E) Primary oocyte is diploid.

54. Which one could be the pollinator of the flower that has long floral tube? (A) Bats (B) Flies (C) Bees (D) Hawk moths (E) Ants

56. Which plant group is NOT vascular plant? (A) Ginkgo (B) Mosses (C) Conifers (D) Angiosperms (E) Ferns

57. Which protein is NOT involved in the fusion and fission process of mitochondria? (A) COX (B) Drp1 (C) Opa1 (D) Mfn1 (E) Fis1

58. Olfactory receptors in mammals belong to _____________. (A) receptor tyrosine kinases (B) ion channels (C) G protein-coupled receptors (D) proton pumps (E) small GTPase

59. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. In the mid-1990s, researchers discovered an enzyme in HIV called protease. Once the enzyme's structure was known, researchers began looking for drugs that would fit into the active site and block it. If this strategy for stopping HIV infections were successful, it would be an example of what phenomenon? (A) allosteric regulation (B) competitive inhibition (C) vaccination (D) denaturation (E) synergistic effect

60. The Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine was awarded to Dr. Yoshinori Ohsumi for his discovery of mechanisms for _______________. (A) apoptosis (B) mitochondrial fusion and fission (C) vesicular transport (D) signal transduction in the nervous system (E) autophagy

61. In replication, which of the followings is used for polymerization of both leading strand and lagging strand? (A) DNA ligase (B) DNA polymerase I (C) DNA polymerase III (D) Gyrase (E) DNA helicase